REGULATION OF THE CYTOSKELETON AND CELL ADHESION BY THE RHO FAMILY GTPASES IN MAMMALIAN CELLS

Members of the Rho family of small Ras-like GTPases-including RhoA, -B, and -C, Rac1 and -2, and Cdc42-exhibit guanine nucleotide-binding activity and function as molecular switches, cycling between an inactive GDP-bound state and an active GTP-bound state. The Rho family GTPases participate in regu...

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Published inAnnual review of biochemistry Vol. 68; no. 1; pp. 459 - 486
Main Authors Kaibuchi, K, Kuroda, S, Amano, M
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Palo Alto, CA 94303-0139 Annual Reviews 01.01.1999
4139 El Camino Way, P.O. Box 10139 Annual Reviews, Inc
USA
Subjects
Adhesion
Cell Adhesion
Cell morphology
Cytoskeleton - physiology
G protein
GTP Phosphohydrolases - metabolism
guanine nucleotide
Mammals
protein kinase
signal transduction
transcription termination factor Rho
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Summary:Members of the Rho family of small Ras-like GTPases-including RhoA, -B, and -C, Rac1 and -2, and Cdc42-exhibit guanine nucleotide-binding activity and function as molecular switches, cycling between an inactive GDP-bound state and an active GTP-bound state. The Rho family GTPases participate in regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and cell adhesion through specific targets. Identification and characterization of these targets have begun to clarify how the Rho family GTPases act to regulate cytoskeletal structure and cell-cell and cell-substratum contacts in mammalian cells. The Rho family GTPases are also involved in regulation of smooth muscle contraction, cell morphology, cell motility, neurite retraction, and cytokinesis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the Rho family GTPases participate in the regulation of such processes are not well established.
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ISSN:0066-4154
1545-4509
DOI:10.1146/annurev.biochem.68.1.459