Fluidity of the Subsyndromal Phenomenology of Borderline Personality Disorder Over 16 Years of Prospective Follow-Up

• Published in: The American journal of psychiatry Vol. 173; no. 7; pp. 688 - 694
• Main Authors: Zanarini, Mary C., Frankenburg, Frances R., Reich, D. Bradford, Fitzmaurice, Garrett M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Psychiatric Association 01.07.2016
• Subjects: Adult; Borderline Personality Disorder - diagnosis; Borderline Personality Disorder - psychology; Borderline Personality Disorder - therapy; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Interview, Psychological; Male; Patient Admission; Personality disorders; Phenomenology; Prospective Studies; Psychiatry; Recurrence; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0002-953X; 1535-7228
• DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15081045

Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine the cumulative rates of 2- and 4-year remission, and the recurrences that follow them, of 24 symptoms of borderline personality disorder over 16 years of prospective follow-up.Method:A total of 290 inpatients meeting rigorous criteria for borderline personality disorder and 72 axis II comparison subjects were assessed during their index admission using a series of semistructured diagnostic interviews. The same instruments were readministered at eight contiguous 2-year time periods.Results:The 12 acute symptoms (e.g., self-mutilation, help-seeking suicide attempts) of borderline personality disorder were more likely to remit for a period of 2 years and for a period of 4 years than the 12 temperamental symptoms (e.g., chronic anger/frequent angry acts, intolerance of aloneness) of this disorder. They were also less likely to recur after a remission lasting 2 years or a remission lasting 4 years.Conclusions:Taken together, the symptoms of borderline personality disorder are quite fluid, with remissions and recurrences being common. However, the more clinically urgent acute symptoms of borderline personality disorder seem to have a better prognosis than the less turbulent temperamental symptoms of the disorder.