Variation in Specificity of Soil-Borne Pathogens from a Plant's Native Range versus Its Nonnative Range

• Published in: International Journal of Ecology Vol. 2011; no. 2011; pp. 73 - 78
• Main Authors: Reinhart, Kurt O., Van der Putten, Wim H., Tytgat, Tom, Clay, Keith
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Limiteds 2011; Hindawi Puplishing Corporation; Hindawi Publishing Corporation; Hindawi Limited
• Subjects: Biogeography; Experiments; Genetic diversity; Genotype & phenotype; Laboratorium voor Nematologie; Laboratory of Nematology; National parks; Nonnative species; Parks & recreation areas; PE&RC; Prunus serotina; Pythium; Scholarships & fellowships; United States > US
• ISSN: 1687-9708; 1687-9716
• DOI: 10.1155/2011/737298

Existing theory for invasive nonnative species emphasizes the role of escaping specialist enemies. A useful approach is to reciprocally transplant enemies in a controlled and common experiment to quantify the interaction specificity of enemies from plant's native and nonnative ranges. Quantitative measures of interaction specificity, from two experiments with three host genotypes (Belgium, Louisiana, and Pennsylvania) and 37 Pythium isolates (10 Europe and 27 USA), revealed that Pythium pathogens from populations of Prunus serotina in its native range were not host genotype specific while Pythium pathogens from its nonnative range vary with host genotype. This study provides empirical evidence suggesting that Pythium from the nonnative range are either preadapted to or are actively adapting to this host. Although only for a single pathosystem, this study illustrates the importance of understanding enemy impact and host-specificity to assess whether an invader has escaped its natural enemies.