Chlorogenic Acid and Synthetic Chlorogenic Acid Derivatives:  Novel Inhibitors of Hepatic Glucose-6-phosphate Translocase

• Published in: Journal of medicinal chemistry Vol. 40; no. 2; pp. 137 - 145
• Main Authors: Hemmerle, Horst, Burger, Hans-Joerg, Below, Peter, Schubert, Gerrit, Rippel, Robert, Schindler, Peter W, Paulus, Erich, Herling, Andreas W
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: WASHINGTON American Chemical Society 17.01.1997; Amer Chemical Soc
• Subjects: Animals; Antiporters; Biological and medical sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chlorogenic Acid - analogs & derivatives; Chlorogenic Acid - chemical synthesis; Chlorogenic Acid - pharmacology; Enzyme Inhibitors - chemical synthesis; Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology; General and cellular metabolism. Vitamins; Glucose - biosynthesis; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Liver - drug effects; Liver - enzymology; Liver - metabolism; Male; Medical sciences; Microsomes, Liver - drug effects; Microsomes, Liver - enzymology; Microsomes, Liver - metabolism; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; Perfusion; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Phosphotransferases - antagonists & inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Science & Technology; Structure-Activity Relationship; RAT-LIVER; GLUCOSE 6-PHOSPHATASE; PHOSPHATE; TRANSPORT-SYSTEM; MICROSOMAL GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATASE; PYROPHOSPHATE; (-)-QUINIC ACID; PURIFICATION; INVOLVEMENT; PEROXIDATION; Rat; Enzyme; Liver; Rodentia; Phosphoric monoester hydrolases; Enzyme inhibitor; Esterases; Chlorogenic acid; In vitro; Vertebrata; Hypoglycemic agent; Mammalia; Structure activity relation; Carboxylic acid; Animal; Chlorine Organic compounds; Phenols; Hydrolases; Glycogenolysis; Glucose-6-phosphatase; Chemical synthesis; Acylate; Triol; Gluconeogenesis
• ISSN: 0022-2623; 1520-4804
• DOI: 10.1021/jm9607360

The enzyme system glucose-6-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.9) plays a major role in the homeostatic regulation of blood glucose. It is responsible for the formation of endogenous glucose originating from gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. Recently, chlorogenic acid was identified as a specific inhibitor of the glucose-6-phosphate translocase component (Gl-6-P translocase) of this enzyme system in microsomes of rat liver. Glucose 6-phosphate hydrolysis was determined in the presence of chlorogenic acid or of new synthesized derivatives in intact rat liver microsomes in order to assess the inhibitory potency of the compounds on the translocase component. Variation in the 3-position of chlorogenic acid had only poor effects on inhibitory potency. Introduction of lipohilic side chain in the 1-position led to 100-fold more potent inhibitors. Functional assays on isolated perfused rat liver with compound 29i, a representative of the more potent derivatives, showed a dose-dependent inhibition of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolyosis, suggesting glucose-6-phosphatase as the locus of interference of the compound for inhibition of hepatic glucose production also in the isolated organ model. Gl-6-P translocase inhibitors may be useful for the reduction of inappropriately high rates of hepatic glucose output often found in non-insulin-dependent diabetes.