Phytoalexins from the Vitaceae: Biosynthesis, Phytoalexin Gene Expression in Transgenic Plants, Antifungal Activity, and Metabolism

• Published in: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol. 50; no. 10; pp. 2731 - 2741
• Main Authors: Jeandet, Philippe, Douillet-Breuil, Anne-Céline, Bessis, Roger, Debord, Sylvain, Sbaghi, Mohamed, Adrian, Marielle
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 08.05.2002
• Subjects: Acyltransferases - genetics; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Biological and medical sciences; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fungi - drug effects; Fungi - metabolism; Fungicides, Industrial - pharmacology; Gene Expression; Genetics and breeding of economic plants; Pest resistance; Plant Diseases; Plant Extracts - genetics; Plant Extracts - metabolism; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant pathogens; Plants - microbiology; Plants, Genetically Modified; Resveratrol; Sesquiterpenes; Stilbenes - metabolism; Terpenes; Varietal selection. Specialized plant breeding, plant breeding aims; Vitaceae - genetics; Vitaceae - metabolism; Plant pathogen; Biosynthesis; Metabolic pathway; Gene expression; Metabolism; Pathogenesis related protein; Vitis vinifera; Stilbene derivatives; Biological activity; Fungus resistance; Fungi; Disease resistance; Antifungal agent; Sensitivity resistance; Phytoalexin; Fruit crop; Vitidaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Genetic improvement; Defense mechanism; Spermatophyta; Transgenic plant; Thallophyta
• ISSN: 0021-8561; 1520-5118
• DOI: 10.1021/jf011429s

Resistance of plants to infection by phytopathogenic microorganisms is the result of multiple defense reactions comprising both constitutive and inducible barriers. In grapevine, the most frequently observed and best characterized defense mechanisms are the accumulation of phytoalexins and the synthesis of PR-proteins. Particular attention has been given here to stilbene phytoalexins produced by Vitaceae, specifically, their pathway of biosynthesis (including stilbene phytoalexin gene transfer experiments to other plants) and their biological activity together with fungal metabolism. Keywords: Phytoalexins; resveratrol; Vitaceae; gene transfer; biological activity; metabolism