Lactate Dehydrogenase and β-Glucuronidase as Salivary Biochemical Markers of Periodontitis among Smokers and Non-Smokers

• Published in: Sultan Qaboos University medical journal Vol. 18; no. 3; pp. 318 - 323
• Main Authors: Tirth , Amit, Abdul Aleem, Tantry , Irfan Q, Ali , Syed A, Telgi , Ravi L
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Muscat - Oman Sultan Qaboos Uinversity : Academic Publication Board 01.08.2018; Sultan Qaboos University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences; Sultan Qaboos University; Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, College of Medicine & Health Sciences
• Subjects: Adult; Area Under Curve; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - analysis; Biomarkers - chemistry; Case-Control Studies; Clinical & Basic Research; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dehydrogenases; Disease; Enzymes; Female; Glucosylceramidase - analysis; Gum disease; Humans; INDIA; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase - analysis; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE; Male; Metabolism; Periodontal Index; Periodontitis - chemically induced; Periodontitis - diagnosis; ROC Curve; SALIVA; Saliva - chemistry; SMOKING; Smoking - metabolism; TOBACCO; الآز النازع لهيدروجين اللاكتات; التبغ; التدخين; اللعاب; الهند; India; Periodontitis; Tobacco Use; Biomarkers; Lactate Dehydrogenase; beta-Glucuronidase; Saliva; India; Smoking
• ISSN: 2075-051X; 2075-0528; 2075-0528
• DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2018.18.03.009

Objectives: This study aimed to establish lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and β-glucuronidase as salivary biomarkers of periodontitis among smokers and non-smokers. Methods: This cross-sectional case-control study was conducted at the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India, between January and June 2017. A total of 200 participants were divided into four groups based on their periodontal and smoking statuses. Unstimulated mixed saliva samples were collected to estimate LDH and β-glucuronidase levels. In addition, total protein was estimated using Lowry’s method. Results: There was a significant increase in enzyme activity in the periodontitis groups compared to the nonperiodontitis groups (P <0.001). However, significantly lower enzyme activity was observed among smokers, irrespective of periodontal status (P <0.001). Nevertheless, a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated the diagnostic potential of both enzymes to be fair-to-excellent. Conclusion: Although smoking was found to significantly alter enzyme activity, LDH and β-glucuronidase were reliable salivary biomarkers of periodontitis among both smokers and nonsmokers.