Growth and Division of the Peptidoglycan Matrix

Most bacteria are surrounded by a peptidoglycan cell wall that defines their shape and protects them from osmotic lysis. The expansion and division of this structure therefore plays an integral role in bacterial growth and division. Additionally, the biogenesis of the peptidoglycan layer is the targ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inAnnual review of microbiology Vol. 75; no. 1; pp. 315 - 336
Main Authors Rohs, Patricia D.A, Bernhardt, Thomas G
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Annual Reviews 08.10.2021
Annual Reviews, Inc
Subjects
Antibiotics
Bacteria
Bacterial diseases
cell division
cell wall
Cell walls
Drug resistance
E coli
Elongation
FtsZ
Lysis
morphogenesis
MreB
murein
Penicillin
penicillin-binding protein
peptidoglycan
Peptidoglycans
peptidoglycan
morphogenesis
FtsZ
MreB
murein
cell division
penicillin-binding protein
cell wall
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Summary:Most bacteria are surrounded by a peptidoglycan cell wall that defines their shape and protects them from osmotic lysis. The expansion and division of this structure therefore plays an integral role in bacterial growth and division. Additionally, the biogenesis of the peptidoglycan layer is the target of many of our most effective antibiotics. Thus, a better understanding of how the cell wall is built will enable the development of new therapies to combat the rise of drug-resistant bacterial infections. This review covers recent advances in defining the mechanisms involved in assembling the peptidoglycan layer with an emphasis on discoveries related to the function and regulation of the cell elongation and division machineries in the model organisms Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis .
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
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ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:0066-4227
1545-3251
DOI:10.1146/annurev-micro-020518-120056