Spatial-temporal variation of heavy metals' sources in the surface sediments of the Yangtze River Estuary

• Published in: Marine pollution bulletin Vol. 138; pp. 526 - 533
• Main Authors: Liu, Ruimin, Guo, Lijia, Men, Cong, Wang, Qingrui, Miao, Yuexi, Shen, Zhenyao
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2019; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Agricultural wastes; Agrochemicals; atmospheric deposition; Atmospheric pollution deposition; autumn; Cadmium; chemical industry; Chemical plants; Deposition; Estuaries; Estuarine dynamics; Fertilizers; Geographic information systems; Geographical information systems; Heavy metals; Impact strength; Information systems; Marine chemistry; Marine transportation; Metals; Multilinear Engine 2; Organic chemistry; Pesticides; Positive matrix factorization; Remote sensing; Rivers; Sea transport; sea transportation; Seasons; Sediment; Sediments; Smelters; Source apportionment; Spatial-temporal variation; Temporal variations; Wastewater; water pollution; winter; Yangtze River; Yangtze River; Multilinear Engine 2; Source apportionment; Spatial-temporal variation; Heavy metals; Positive matrix factorization
• ISSN: 0025-326X; 1879-3363; 1879-3363
• DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.12.010

In this study, positive matrix factorization, multilinear engine 2, and geographic information systems were used to characterize the spatial-temporal patterns of sources for nine heavy metals in the surface sediments of the Yangtze River Estuary in different seasons. Results showed that six sources were identified: agricultural pesticide, marine transportation, chemical factory wastewater, metal smelter waste, atmospheric deposition, and agricultural fertilizer. The proportions of sources were similar during the entire year but varied among the seasons. The differences in the proportions of agricultural pesticide between winter and other seasons were greater than 12%. Over 40% of the Cd concentration in most seasons was attributed to atmospheric deposition, while less than 5% in autumn. The impact strength of most sources, except marine transportation and metal smelter waste, decreased from the inner regions to the adjacent sea. The difference in the impact strength of agricultural pesticide was the largest throughout the study area. •Source apportionment and seasonal variation was analyzed with PMF and ME2.•Contents of metals were higher in autumn and winter than in spring and summer.•Proportions of sources were similar in a year, while varied largely among seasons.