Kinetics of plutonium and americium sorption to natural clay

• Published in: Journal of environmental radioactivity Vol. 108; pp. 41 - 49
• Main Authors: LUJANIENE, Galina, BENES, Petr, STAMBERG, Karel, SCIGLO, Tomas
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2012; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adsorption; Aluminum Silicates - chemistry; Am(III); Americium; Americium - chemistry; Applied sciences; Earth sciences; Earth, ocean, space; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics; Exact sciences and technology; Groundwater - chemistry; Iron Compounds - chemistry; Kinetics; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Natural clay; Oxides - chemistry; Plutonium - chemistry; Pollution; Pollution, environment geology; Pu(IV); Radioactive wastes; Sequential extraction; Sorption kinetics; Sorption modeling; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Wastes; Water Pollutants, Radioactive - chemistry; X-Ray Diffraction; Sorption modeling; Sequential extraction; Sorption kinetics; Natural clay; Pu(IV); Am(III); Clay; Radioactive pollution; Pollution prevention; Hazardous waste; Radioisotope; Modeling; Actinide; Geoengineering; Adsorption; Barrier material; Radioactive waste storage; Americium; Water pollution; Plutonium; Ground water
• ISSN: 0265-931X; 1879-1700
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.07.012

Kinetics of Pu(IV) and Am(III) sorption from natural groundwater to three types of clays were studied at trace concentrations of the elements. Higher Kd values were determined for sorption of Pu than of Am, and no clear dependence of the Kd values and the kinetic coefficients on the composition of the clays can be deduced. Kinetic data evaluated by models for six different control processes indicated a sorption mechanism controlled by Pu or Am diffusion in the inert layer on the surface of the clays. Apart from the kinetics of the elements sorption, time-dependent changes in their bonding nature were also studied using a sequential extraction. It was found that Pu(IV) was predominantly associated with amorphous and crystalline Fe oxides as well as natural organic matter sites on the clays, whereas in the case of Am(III) the exchangeable and carbonate sites played the principal role. ► Kinetics of Pu(IV) and Am(III) sorption to clay was studied at trace concentrations. ► Pu and Am sorption was controlled by diffusion in the inert layer of solid phase. ► Pu sorption to clay coatings containing CaCO3 was controlled by chemical reactions. ► Pu(IV) and Am(III) showed different bonding to clay particle coatings. ► The exchangeable and carbonate bound Am should migrate faster in the environment.