Meeting Global Feed Protein Demand: Challenge, Opportunity, and Strategy

Feed protein supplements are one of the most expensive and limiting feed ingredients. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of how the expected expansion of animal production, driven by the rising world population and living standards for more animal-sourced foods, is creating a global shortag...

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Published inAnnual review of animal biosciences Vol. 7; no. 1; pp. 221 - 243
Main Authors Kim, Sung Woo, Less, John F, Wang, Li, Yan, Tianhai, Kiron, Viswanath, Kaushik, Sadasivam J, Lei, Xin Gen
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Annual Reviews 15.02.2019
Subjects
alternative protein
amino acid
Animal Feed
Animal Proteins, Dietary
Animals
Chickens - growth & development
Diet - veterinary
Dietary Proteins
Dietary Supplements
Environment
feed
food animal
Food Supply
Humans
Livestock
nutrition
Ruminants - growth & development
Swine - growth & development
feed
nutrition
food animal
amino acid
alternative protein
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Summary:Feed protein supplements are one of the most expensive and limiting feed ingredients. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of how the expected expansion of animal production, driven by the rising world population and living standards for more animal-sourced foods, is creating a global shortage of feed protein supply. Because ruminants, chickens, and pigs contribute to 96% of the global supply of animal protein and aquaculture is growing fast, means of meeting the feed protein requirements of these species are elaborated. Geographic variation and interdependence among China, Europe, and North America in the demand and supply of feed protein are compared. The potential and current state of exploration into alternative feed proteins, including microalgae, insects, single-cell proteins, and coproducts, are highlighted. Strategic innovations are proposed to upgrade feed protein processing and assessment, improve protein digestion by exogenous enzymes, and genetically select feed-efficient livestock breeds. An overall successful and sustainable solution in meeting global feed protein demands will lead to a substantial net gain of human-edible animal protein with a minimal environmental footprint.
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ISSN:2165-8102
2165-8110
DOI:10.1146/annurev-animal-030117-014838