Effect of organic amendments on the bioremediation of cyanazine and fluometuron in soil

• Published in: Journal of environmental science and health. Part B, Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes Vol. 32; no. 1; pp. 37 - 54
• Main Authors: Wagner, S.C. (Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX.), Zablotowicz, R.M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia, PA Taylor & Francis Group 1997; Taylor & Francis
• Subjects: ABONOS ORGANICOS; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; AMENDEMENT ORGANIQUE; AVES DE CORRAL; BIODECONTAMINACION; BIODEGRADACION; BIODEGRADATION; Biological and medical sciences; BIOREMEDIATION; biostimulation; CIANAZINA; CYANAZINE; ENGRAIS ORGANIQUE; ENMIENDAS ORGANICAS; FARINE POUR ANIMAUX; FEED MEALS; FLUOMETURON; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; HALF LIFE; HARINA PARA PIENSOS; herbicide; LOAM SOILS; LOLIUM; MAIS; MAIZ; MAIZE; MANURES; METABOLITE; METABOLITES; METABOLITOS; microorganisms; ORGANIC AMENDMENTS; ORGANIC FERTILIZERS; PERSISTENCE; POLLUTION DU SOL; POLUCION DEL SUELO; POULTRY; SILT LOAM SOILS; SILTY SOILS; Soil and water pollution; SOIL POLLUTION; Soil science; SOL LIMONEUX; SOL SABLOLIMONEUX; SUELO FRANCO; SUELO LIMOSO; TEXTURAL SOIL TYPES; TIPOS TEXTURALES DE SUELOS; TYPE DE SOL TEXTURAL; VOLAILLE; Silt loam soil; Decontamination; Triazine derivatives; Ureas; Bioremediation; Soil pollution; Herbicide; Organic amendment
• ISSN: 0360-1234; 1532-4109
• DOI: 10.1080/03601239709373075

Biostimulation may offer a viable approach to remediate soils containing high concentrations of herbicides. We determined the effects of cornmeal, ryegrass and poultry litter on the degradation of cyanazine and fluometuron (250 μmol kg -1 ) in a Dundee silt loam. All three amendments enhanced cyanazine degradation with half lives of 18.2 d in ryegrass-, and 21 d in cornmeal- or poultry litter-amended soil, compared to 28.3 d in unamended soil. The amendments differentially affected patterns of metabolite accumulation. After 42 d, 45% of the 14 C was recovered as dechlorinated (hydroxy cyanazine) metabolites in ryegrass-amended soil compared to <16% in other treatments. Significantly less 14 C was extracted from cornmeal-amended soil than the other treatments, suggesting a relationship between cyanazine dissipation and incorporation into unextractable bound residues. Ryegrass had the greatest stimulatory effect on fiuometuron degradation. Half lives for fiuometuron were 41.0, 57.3, 27.7, and 66.4 d for cornmeal, poultry litter, ryegrass, and no additions, respectively. Desmethyl fiuometuron was the major metabolite that accumulated in all treatments. Trifluoromethyl phenyl urea accumulated only in soils treated with poultry litter and ryegrass. All three amendments stimulated fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis, indicating enhanced microbial activity. Significant reduction of high concentrations of cyanazine or fiuometuron may be achieved via biostimulation by selecting an appropriate amendment, i.e. ryegrass.