Optimization of 3-(1H-Indazol-3-ylmethyl)-1,5-benzodiazepines as Potent, Orally Active CCK-A Agonists

• Published in: Journal of medicinal chemistry Vol. 40; no. 17; pp. 2706 - 2725
• Main Authors: Henke, Brad R, Aquino, Christopher J, Birkemo, Larry S, Croom, Dallas K, Dougherty, Robert W, Ervin, Gregory N, Grizzle, Mary K, Hirst, Gavin C, James, Michael K, Johnson, Michael F, Queen, Kennedy L, Sherrill, Ronald G, Sugg, Elizabeth E, Suh, Edward M, Szewczyk, Jerzy W, Unwalla, Rayomand J, Yingling, Jeff, Willson, Timothy M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: WASHINGTON American Chemical Society 15.08.1997; Amer Chemical Soc
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Alkylation; Animals; Benzodiazepines - administration & dosage; Benzodiazepines - chemistry; Benzodiazepines - pharmacology; Benzodiazepinones - pharmacology; Biological and medical sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Devazepide; Digestive system; Gallbladder - drug effects; Gallbladder - metabolism; Guinea Pigs; Hormone Antagonists - pharmacology; Indazoles - administration & dosage; Indazoles - chemistry; Indazoles - pharmacology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Medical sciences; Mice; Models, Chemical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Rats; Receptor, Cholecystokinin A; Receptor, Cholecystokinin B; Receptors, Cholecystokinin - agonists; Receptors, Cholecystokinin - metabolism; Science & Technology; CHOLECYSTOKININ ANTAGONISTS; GASTRIN RECEPTOR; C-TERMINAL OCTAPEPTIDE; HUMAN BRAIN; CHROMOSOMAL LOCALIZATION; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; RECEPTOR LIGANDS; GALLBLADDER; MOLECULAR-CLONING; DECREASES FOOD-INTAKE; Agonist; Nitrogen heterocycle; Rodentia; Lactam; Oral administration; Bioavailability; In vitro; Indazole derivatives; In vivo; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Structure activity relation; Mouse; Animal; Bicyclic compound; Peptidergic receptor; Benzodiazepine derivatives; Carboxamide; Intraduodenal administration; Aromatic compound; Anorectic; Cholecystokinin; Pharmacokinetics; Chemical synthesis
• ISSN: 0022-2623; 1520-4804
• DOI: 10.1021/jm970265x

We previously described a series of 3-(1H-indazol-3-ylmethyl)-1,5-benzodiazepine CCK-A agonists exemplified by compound 1 (GW 5823), which is the first reported binding selective CCK-A full agonist demonstrating oral efficacy in a rat feeding model. In this report we describe analogs of compound 1 designed to explore changes to the C3 and N1 pharmacophores and their effect on agonist activity and receptor selectivity. Agonist efficacy in this series was affected by stereoelectronic factors within the C3 moiety. Binding affinity for the CCK-A vs CCK-B receptor showed little dependence on the structure of the C3 moiety but was affected by the nature of the second substituent at C3. Structure−activity relationships at the N1-anilidoacetamide “trigger” moiety within the C3 indazole series were also investigated. Both agonist efficacy and binding affinity within this series were modulated by variation of substituents on the N1-anilidoacetamide moiety. Evaluation of several analogs in an in vivo mouse gallbladder emptying assay revealed compound 1 to be the most potent and efficacious of all the analogs tested. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of 1 in rats is also discussed.