Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Turmeric (Curcuma longa)

• Published in: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol. 48; no. 6; pp. 2189 - 2192
• Main Authors: Gopalan, Began, Goto, Motonobu, Kodama, Akio, Hirose, Tsutomu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 01.06.2000
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Carbon Dioxide; Curcuma; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods; General pharmacology; Indicators and Reagents; Medical sciences; Pharmacognosy. Homeopathy. Health food; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - isolation & purification; Plant Oils - isolation & purification; Monocotyledones; Pharmacological activity; Extraction process; Carbon dioxide; Solubility; Temperature effect; Medicinal plant; Turmeric; Gas chromatography; Analysis method; Pressure effect; Sesquiterpenes; Angiospermae; Flavoring crop; Spermatophyta; Essential oil; Supercritical fluid extraction; Mass spectrometry; Physicochemical properties; Semicontinuous; Zingiberaceae
• ISSN: 0021-8561; 1520-5118
• DOI: 10.1021/jf9908594

Turmeric oil was extracted from turmeric (Curcuma longa) with supercritical carbon dioxide in a semicontinuous-flow extractor. Extraction rate was measured as a function of pressure, temperature, flow rate, and particle size. The extraction rate increased with an increase in CO2 flow rate and with a reduction of particle size. The effect of pressure and temperature on turmeric extraction suggested the use of higher pressure and lower temperature at which solvent density is greater and thus the solubility of the oil in the solvent is greater in the range of 313−333 K and 20−40 MPa. The major components (∼60%) of the extracted oil were identified as turmerone and ar-turmerone by GC-MS. Keywords: Supercritical fluid extraction; carbon dioxide; turmeric; GC-MS; turmerone; ar-turmerone