Estimation of model parameter of Sumatra earthquake using empirical Green’s function technique and generation of hypothetical earthquake scenario for Andaman Island, India

• Published in: Natural hazards (Dordrecht) Vol. 62; no. 3; pp. 1081 - 1108
• Main Authors: Joshi, A., Kumari, Pushpa, Kumar, Sushil, Sharma, M. L., Ghosh, A. K., Agarwal, M. K., Ravikiran, A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.07.2012; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Broadband; Civil Engineering; Coastal zone; Computer simulation; Earth and Environmental Science; Earth Sciences; Earth, ocean, space; Earthquakes; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics; Environmental Management; Environmental policy; Errors; Exact sciences and technology; Geophysics; Geophysics/Geodesy; Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences; Ground motion; Grounds; Hydrogeology; India; Indonesia; Islands; Mathematical models; Natural Hazards; Natural hazards: prediction, damages, etc; Natural resources; Nucleation; Original Paper; Plate tectonics; Ports; Rupture; Seismic activity; Seismic hazard; Seismic phenomena; Seismology; Simulation; Stations; Sumatra; Bengal Islands; Asia; Sumatra; Andaman Islands; Far East; India; Indonesia; Andaman; Sumatra earthquake; Strong motion; Simulation; Rupture; simulation; aluminum; americium; earthquakes; rupture; acceleration; nucleation; coastal zone; horizontal component; waves; models; shear; strike-slip; ground motion; velocity; Green function; asperities; slip; islands; thrust; strong motion; waveforms; errors
• ISSN: 0921-030X; 1573-0840
• DOI: 10.1007/s11069-012-0135-3

Empirical Green’s function (EGF) technique is considered to be most effective technique for simulation of ground motions due to a finite earthquake source. In the present paper, this technique has been used to simulate ground motion due to a great earthquake. The coastal region of Sumatra Island has been visited by a great earthquake on December 26, 2004. This earthquake has been recorded at several broadband stations including a nearest broadband station PSI in Indonesia. The shear wave contributions in both horizontal components have been simulated at PSI station using EGF technique. The comparison of simulated and observed waveform has been made for various possibilities of rupture parameters in terms of root mean square error. The final rupture model supports rupture velocity of 3.0 km/s with nucleation point supporting northward propagating rupture that coincide with high-slip asperity defined by Sorensen et al. (Bull Seism Soc Am 97:S139–S151, 2007 ). The final modeling parameters have been used to simulate record at MDRS station in coastal state of Tamilnadu, India. In an attempt to model a scenario of great earthquake in the Andaman Island, a hypothetical rupture plane is modeled in this region. The event occurred on August 10, 2008 of magnitude 6.2 ( M w ) recorded on strong motion array at Port Blair has been used as EGF to simulate records due to the hypothetical great earthquake. Possibilities of earthquake due to the oblique strike-slip and thrust mechanism have been modeled in the present paper. Several possibilities of nucleation point for both cases has been considered, and it is seen that variation of peak ground acceleration at Port Blair station for strike-slip and thrust mechanism is 126–738 gals and 647–2,571 gals, respectively, which indicate high seismic hazard potential of Andaman Island.