Advances in Facemasks during the COVID-19 Pandemic Era

The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has transformed the daily lifestyles of people worldwide. COVID-19 was characterized as a pandemic owing to its global spread, and technologies based on engineered materials that help to reduce the spread of infections have been reported. Nanotechnology...

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Published inACS applied bio materials Vol. 4; no. 5; pp. 3891 - 3908
Main Authors Karmacharya, Mamata, Kumar, Sumit, Gulenko, Oleksandra, Cho, Yoon-Kyoung
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Chemical Society 17.05.2021
Subjects
COVID-19 - prevention & control
COVID-19 - transmission
Decontamination
Disease Transmission, Infectious
Equipment Design
Filtration
Humans
Masks - trends
Nanotechnology - trends
Pandemics - prevention & control
Respiratory Aerosols and Droplets
Review
SARS-CoV-2
Textiles
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
pandemic
facemasks
virus
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Summary:The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has transformed the daily lifestyles of people worldwide. COVID-19 was characterized as a pandemic owing to its global spread, and technologies based on engineered materials that help to reduce the spread of infections have been reported. Nanotechnology present in materials with enhanced physicochemical properties and versatile chemical functionalization offer numerous ways to combat the disease. Facemasks are a reliable preventive measure, although they are not 100% effective against viral infections. Nonwoven materials, which are the key components of masks, act as barriers to the virus through filtration. However, there is a high chance of cross-infection because the used mask lacks virucidal properties and can become an additional source of infection. The combination of antiviral and filtration properties enhances the durability and reliability of masks, thereby reducing the likelihood of cross-infection. In this review, we focus on masks, from the manufacturing stage to practical applications, and their abilities to combat COVID-19. Herein, we discuss the impacts of masks on the environment, while considering safe industrial production in the future. Furthermore, we discuss available options for future research directions that do not negatively impact the environment.
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This article is made available via the ACS COVID-19 subset for unrestricted RESEARCH re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
ISSN:2576-6422
2576-6422
DOI:10.1021/acsabm.0c01329