Impact of incident angles of P waves on the dynamic responses of long lined tunnels

• Published in: Earthquake engineering & structural dynamics Vol. 45; no. 15; pp. 2435 - 2454
• Main Authors: Huang, Jing-Qi, Du, Xiu-Li, Jin, Liu, Zhao, Mi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bognor Regis Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.12.2016; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Dynamics; Earthquake engineering; equivalent nodal force; Finite element method; incident angles; Mathematical analysis; Mathematical models; P waves; Seismic response; seismic responses of long lined tunnels; Tunnels (transportation); viscous-spring artificial boundary
• ISSN: 0098-8847; 1096-9845
• DOI: 10.1002/eqe.2772

Summary The impact of the incident angle of earthquake motion on the seismic response of the long lined tunnels is studied. Based on the time‐domain finite element method with the viscous‐spring artificial boundary condition, the earthquake motion of oblique incidence is transformed into the equivalent nodal forces acting on the truncated boundary of finite element model. In the present work, the formulas of equivalent nodal forces for the plane P wave with arbitrary incident angle are deduced and implemented into the commercial software abaqus . The effectiveness of the formulas and its implementation are demonstrated by two numerical examples with the reference solutions. The proposed method is applied to investigate the seismic responses of the long lined tunnels under the obliquely incident P waves. The numerical results indicate that the seismic responses of the long lined tunnels are highly affected by the incident angles of P waves. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.