New detrital zircon U–Pb insights on the palaeogeographic origin of the central Sanandaj–Sirjan zone, Iran

• Published in: Geological magazine Vol. 158; no. 12; pp. 2165 - 2186
• Main Authors: Shakerardakani, Farzaneh, Neubauer, Franz, Liu, Xiaoming, Dong, Yunpeng, Monfaredi, Behzad, Li, Xian-Hua
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01.12.2021
• Subjects: absolute age; Age; Asia; Chemical fingerprinting; China; detrital zircon; Far East; Garnet; garnet group; Geochronology; Geology; Gondwana; Iran; Isotopes; Lead; metamorphic rocks; mica group; Middle East; Mountains; Neoproterozoic; nesosilicates; Original Article; Orogeny; orthosilicates; Palaeozoic; paleogeography; Paleozoic; Pan-Africanism; Plate tectonics; Population; Precambrian; Proterozoic; Provenance; Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone; schists; Sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; South China Block; Stratigraphy; Trace elements; U/Pb; upper Precambrian; Zircon; zircon group; Iran; Gondwana; Iranian microcontinent; U–Pb geochronology; palaeobiogeography; Sanandaj–Sirjan metamorphic zone; North Gondwana; detrital zircon
• ISSN: 0016-7568; 1469-5081
• DOI: 10.1017/S0016756821000728

New detrital U–Pb zircon ages from the Sanandaj–Sirjan metamorphic zone in the Zagros orogenic belt allow discussion of models of the late Neoproterozoic to early Palaeozoic plate tectonic evolution and position of the Iranian microcontinent within a global framework. A total of 194 valid age values from 362 zircon grains were obtained from three garnet-micaschist samples. The most abundant detrital zircon population included Ediacaran ages, with the main age peak at 0.60 Ga. Other significant age peaks are at c. 0.64–0.78 Ga, 0.80–0.91 Ga, 0.94–1.1 Ga, 1.8–2.0 Ga and 2.1–2.5 Ga. The various Palaeozoic zircon age peaks could be explained by sediment supply from sources within the Iranian microcontinent. However, Precambrian ages were found, implying a non-Iranian provenance or recycling of upper Ediacaran–Palaeozoic clastic rocks. Trace-element geochemical fingerprints show that most detrital zircons were sourced from continental magmatic settings. In this study, the late Grenvillian age population at c. 0.94–1.1 Ga is used to unravel the palaeogeographic origin of the Sanandaj–Sirjan metamorphic zone. This Grenvillian detrital age population relates to the ‘Gondwana superfan’ sediments, as found in many Gondwana-derived terranes within the European Variscides and Turkish terranes, but also to units further east, e.g. in the South China block. Biogeographic evidence proves that the Iranian microcontinent developed on the same North Gondwana margin extending from the South China block via Iran further to the west.