Changes in sterols and fatty acids of buckwheat endosperm and embryo during seed development

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) plants produce a low grain yield because of a low incidence of seed set. As part of a study of seed set and abortion, sterols and fatty acids were extracted from developing embryo and endosperm tissues 6-20 days after pollination (DAP) and analyzed by gas chro...

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Published inJournal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol. 40; no. 5; pp. 745 - 750
Main Authors Horbowicz, Marcin, Obendorf, Ralph L
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Washington, DC American Chemical Society 01.05.1992
Subjects
ACIDE GRAS
ACIDOS GRASOS
Biological and medical sciences
Cereal and baking product industries
COMPOSICION QUIMICA
COMPOSITION CHIMIQUE
EMBRIONES VEGETALES
EMBRYON VEGETAL
ENDOSPERMA
ENDOSPERME
ESTEROLES
Food industries
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
GRAINE
SARRASIN
SEMILLA
STEROL
TRIGO SARRACENO
Sitosterol
Gas chromatography
Embryonic development
Stigmasterol
Campesterol
Endosperm
Chemical composition
Fatty acids
Buck wheat
Sterol
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Summary:Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) plants produce a low grain yield because of a low incidence of seed set. As part of a study of seed set and abortion, sterols and fatty acids were extracted from developing embryo and endosperm tissues 6-20 days after pollination (DAP) and analyzed by gas chromatography. The most abundant sterol was beta-sitosterol, which made up 70% of the total sterols. Other sterols were campesterol, an unknown, and traces of stigmasterol. Total sterols in embryos were 2.1 +/- 0.05 g/kg of dry weight and in endosperm tissues were 0.55 +/- 0.02 g/kg at 20 DAP; total fatty acids in embryo and endosperm lipids were 123 +/- 8 and 22 +/-k 3 g/kg, respectively. Linoleic, oleic, and palmitic accounted for 88% of the total fatty acids at 20 DAP. At 6-10 DAP, 60-80% of the total fatty acids were saturated, mostly palmitic acid, but at 12-20 DAP, 65-80% were unsaturated, mostly linoleic and oleic. The rapid transition at 10-12 DAP was associated with rapid embryo growth and a 10-fold increase in storage lipids. Palmitic was 3-5 times more abundant than any other fatty acid at 6 DAP when myristic acid concentration was highest. Long-chain fatty acids (C20:0,C22:0,and C20:1,) accumulated late in development to less than 7% of the total fatty acids
Bibliography:F60
9331414
ark:/67375/TPS-352F7RW6-0
istex:9A0946BFA0338D6901C75B36395304DE949B7ACB
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf00017a007