NMR Characterization of Long-Range Order in Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

• Published in: Journal of the American Chemical Society Vol. 132; no. 24; pp. 8407 - 8418
• Main Authors: Salmon, Loïc, Nodet, Gabrielle, Ozenne, Valéry, Yin, Guowei, Jensen, Malene Ringkjøbing, Zweckstetter, Markus, Blackledge, Martin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Chemical Society 23.06.2010
• Subjects: alpha-Synuclein - chemistry; Biophysical Phenomena; Magnetics; Models, Molecular; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Protein Conformation; Reproducibility of Results; Solutions
• ISSN: 0002-7863; 1520-5126
• DOI: 10.1021/ja101645g

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are predicted to represent a significant fraction of the human genome, and the development of meaningful molecular descriptions of these proteins remains a key challenge for contemporary structural biology. In order to describe the conformational behavior of IDPs, a molecular representation of the disordered state based on diverse sources of structural data that often exhibit complex and very different averaging behavior is required. In this study, we propose a combination of paramagnetic relaxation enhancements (PREs) and residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) to define both long-range and local structural features of IDPs in solution. We demonstrate that ASTEROIDS, an ensemble selection algorithm, faithfully reproduces intramolecular contacts, even in the presence of highly diffuse, ill-defined target interactions. We also show that explicit modeling of spin-label mobility significantly improves the reproduction of experimental PRE data, even in the case of highly disordered proteins. Prediction of the effects of transient long-range contacts on RDC profiles reveals that weak intramolecular interactions can induce a severe distortion of the profiles that compromises the description of local conformational sampling if it is not correctly taken into account. We have developed a solution to this problem that involves efficiently combining RDC and PRE data to simultaneously determine long-range and local structure in highly flexible proteins. This combined analysis is shown to be essential for the accurate interpretation of experimental data from α-synuclein, an important IDP involved in human neurodegenerative disease, confirming the presence of long-range order between distant regions in the protein.