Slow Digestion Property of Native Cereal Starches

• Published in: Biomacromolecules Vol. 7; no. 11; pp. 3252 - 3258
• Main Authors: Zhang, Genyi, Ao, Zihua, Hamaker, Bruce R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 01.11.2006
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Crystallization; Exact sciences and technology; Hydrolysis; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molecular Weight; Natural polymers; Physicochemistry of polymers; Starch - chemistry; Starch and polysaccharides; Zea mays - chemistry; Biological properties; Potato starch; Enzymatic digestion; Oside polymer; Experimental study; Wheat starch; Corn starch; Comparative study; Mechanism; Digestibility
• ISSN: 1525-7797; 1526-4602
• DOI: 10.1021/bm060342i

The slow digestion property of native cereal starches, represented by normal maize starch, was investigated. The in vitro Englyst test showed that 53.0% of the maize starch is slowly digestible starch (SDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that SDS starts from an increase of pore size until almost complete fragmentation of starch granules. However, similar amounts of SDS (∼50%) were shown for partially digested fragmented starch residuals, which would normally be considered resistant to digestion based on the Englyst assay. Molecularly, both amylopectin (AP) and amylose (AM) contributed to the amount of SDS as evidenced by a similar ratio of AP to AM at different digestion times. Consistently, similar degrees of crystallinity, comparable gelatinization behavior, and similar debranched profiles of starch residuals following different digestion times indicated that the crystalline and amorphous regions of starch granules were evenly digested through a mechanism of side-by-side digestion of concentric layers of semicrystalline shells of native starch granules.