Comparison of the Effects of Extracellular and Intracellular Organic Matter Extracted From Microcystis aeruginosa on Ultrafiltration Membrane Fouling: Dynamics and Mechanisms

• Published in: Environmental science & technology Vol. 48; no. 24; pp. 14549 - 14557
• Main Authors: Li, Lei, Wang, Zimeng, Rietveld, Luuk C, Gao, Naiyun, Hu, Jingyi, Yin, Daqiang, Yu, Shuili
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 16.12.2014
• Subjects: Algae; Applied sciences; Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination; Exact sciences and technology; Exchange resins and membranes; Extracellular Space - chemistry; Forms of application and semi-finished materials; Humic Substances; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Membranes; Membranes, Artificial; Microcystis; Microcystis aeruginosa; Models, Theoretical; Molecules; Organic Chemicals - chemistry; Pollution; Polymer industry, paints, wood; Technology of polymers; Thermodynamics; Ultrafiltration - instrumentation; Water filtration; Water pollution; Water treatment and pollution; Drinking water treatment; Polymeric membrane; Water treatment; Organic matter; Microcystis aeruginosa; Fouling; Ethersulfone polymer; Extracellular; Membrane separation; Ultrafiltration; Microbial origin; Cyanobacteria; Bacteria; Intracellular; Comparative study
• ISSN: 0013-936X; 1520-5851
• DOI: 10.1021/es5035365

Algae organic matter (AOM), including intracellular organic matter (IOM) and extracellular organic matter (EOM), are major membrane foulants in the treatment of algae-polluted water. In this study, the effects of EOM and IOM (at dissolved organic concentrations of 8 mg/L) on the fouling of a poly­(ether sulfone) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane were investigated using a dead-end down-flow UF unit. Changes in the membrane pore geometry and the interaction energy between the membrane and foulants were analyzed based on the extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (XDLVO) theory. The data (relative standard deviation within 10%) showed that UF was able to retain 57% and 46% of IOM and EOM respectively, while the corresponding membrane fluxes rapidly reduced to 28% and 33% of their respective initial values after a specific filtration volume of only 3.75 mL/cm2. The fouling model implied that cake formation was the major mechanism. Specifically, IOM foulant had a much greater free energy of cohesion (−59.08 mJ/m2) than EOM foulant (3.2 mJ/m2), leading to the formation of a compacted cake layer on the membrane surface. In contrast, small molecules of hydrophobic EOM tended to be adsorbed into the membrane pores, leading to significant reduction of the pore size and membrane flux. Therefore, the overall fouling rates caused by EOM and IOM were comparable when both of the above-mentioned mechanisms were considered.