4-Pyridyl Carbonyl and Related Compounds as Thrips Lures:  Effectiveness for Onion Thrips and New Zealand Flower Thrips in Field Experiments

• Published in: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol. 55; no. 15; pp. 6198 - 6205
• Main Authors: Teulon, David A. J, Davidson, Melanie M, Hedderley, Duncan I, James, Dale E, Fletcher, Callum D, Larsen, Lesley, Green, Vanessa C, Perry, Nigel B
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 25.07.2007
• Subjects: 4-pyridyl carbonyl; bait traps; baiting; baits; benzene; Biological and medical sciences; carbonyl compounds; chemical structure; cis-jasmone; ethyl isonicotinate; ethyl nicotinate; field experimentation; Flowers; Food industries; Fruit and vegetable industries; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Insect Control - methods; insect pests; New Zealand; odors; Onions; Pheromones; plant pests; pyridines; Pyridones; Thrips obscuratus; Thrips tabaci; New Zealand; Oceania; Carbonyl compounds; Monocotyledones; Vegetables; Insecta; Field experiment; lure; Thrips tabaci; attractant; Plant part; flower aroma compounds; Angiospermae; semiochemical; Aroma; Thrips obscuratus; pyridine carbonyl; Allium cepa; Flower; Onion; benzene carbonyl; Thysanoptera; Liliaceae; Pyridine; Arthropoda; Benzene; Thripidae; Spermatophyta; Invertebrata
• ISSN: 0021-8561; 1520-5118
• DOI: 10.1021/jf070389a

On the basis of structural and/or aroma analogies to known thrips (Thysanoptera:  Thripidae) lures, 35 compounds (18 pyridine derivatives, 13 benzene derivatives, and 4 other compounds), consisting of both synthetic and naturally occurring compounds, were screened for their ability to bring about increased thrips capture in field experiments using water traps in Canterbury, New Zealand. Most of the thrips caught were New Zealand flower thrips (NZFT) (Thrips obscuratus) or onion thrips (OT) (Thrips tabaci). The greatest increase in capture for NZFT (158 times for ♀ cf. to water control) was for the known lure ethyl nicotinate, a 3-pyridyl ester. Ethyl isonicotinate, the 4-pyridyl regioisomer of ethyl nicotinate, not previously reported as a thrips lure, provided the greatest increases in capture for OT (31 times) of any of the compounds tested, significantly more than ethyl nicotinate. Other 4-pyridyl carbonyl compounds, including ethyl 4-pyridyl ketone, also increased OT capture significantly. The natural floral compound cis-jasmone, which increased trap capture of NZFT (♀ 42 times, ♂ 25 times) but not OT, is reported as a thrips lure for the first time. Keywords: Thrips obscuratus; Thrips tabaci; lure; attractant; pyridine carbonyl; benzene carbonyl; flower aroma compounds; semiochemical