Semi-empirical procedures for evaluating liquefaction potential during earthquakes

• Published in: Soil dynamics and earthquake engineering (1984) Vol. 26; no. 2; pp. 115 - 130
• Main Authors: Idriss, I.M., Boulanger, R.W.
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.02.2006; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: CPT; Earth sciences; Earth, ocean, space; Earthquakes; Earthquakes, seismology; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics; Engineering geology; Exact sciences and technology; Internal geophysics; Liquefaction; Natural hazards: prediction, damages, etc; SPT; Liquefaction; Earthquakes; SPT; CPT; stress; overburden; shear; penetration; standardization; liquefaction; S-waves; velocity; earthquakes; shear stress; cohesionless materials; corrections; correlation; data bases; earthquake engineering; soils; liquefaction potential
• ISSN: 0267-7261; 1879-341X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.11.023

Semi-empirical procedures for evaluating the liquefaction potential of saturated cohesionless soils during earthquakes are re-examined and revised relations for use in practice are recommended. The stress reduction factor ( r d), earthquake magnitude scaling factor for cyclic stress ratios (MSF), overburden correction factor for cyclic stress ratios ( K σ ), and the overburden normalization factor for penetration resistances ( C N) are discussed and recently modified relations are presented. These modified relations are used in re-evaluations of the SPT and CPT case history databases. Based on these re-evaluations, revised SPT- and CPT-based liquefaction correlations are recommended for use in practice. In addition, shear wave velocity based procedures are briefly discussed.