Multi-component and multi-array TEM detection in karst tunnels

• Published in: Journal of geophysics and engineering Vol. 9; no. 4; pp. 359 - 373
• Main Authors: Sun, Huaifeng, Li, Xiu, Li, Shucai, Qi, Zhipeng, Su, Maoxin, Xue, Yiguo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: IOP Publishing 01.08.2012
• Subjects: Case histories; double Bessel function integral; Electrical resistivity; Half spaces; Karst; multi-array; multi-component; Pipe; Spatial distribution; transient electromagnetic method; Transmission electron microscopy; Tunnelling
• ISSN: 1742-2132; 1742-2140
• DOI: 10.1088/1742-2132/9/4/359

Emerging applications of transient electromagnetic methods (TEM) in tunnelling require higher resolution on the distributions and shapes of low resistivity bodies, such as karst water and karst pipes, using multi-component and multi-array receivers. However, there are no apparent resistivity definitions for both vertical and horizontal components with offsets inside the loop. Although the raw field can show the differences of the earth electric structure, it is not straightforward. Apparent resistivity is very convenient and easy for engineers. We have developed a method for multi-component and multi-array TEM which can be applied in tunnelling and defined the expressions of apparent resistivity. This method takes advantage of the difference in resolution among components. A homogeneous half-space model and four typical three-layered models are used to test the effectiveness of the new definition. A field case history is carried out and analysed to demonstrate the viability of this technique. The results suggest that it is feasible to use the technique in tunnelling, especially for identifying the spatial distribution of karst water and karst pipes.