Resistant Starch and Pullulan Reduce Postprandial Glucose, Insulin, and GLP-1, but Have No Effect on Satiety in Healthy Humans

• Published in: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol. 60; no. 48; pp. 11928 - 11934
• Main Authors: Klosterbuer, Abby S, Thomas, William, Slavin, Joanne L
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 05.12.2012
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; appetite; Appetite - drug effects; Biological and medical sciences; blood; Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose - drug effects; Breakfast; corn; Dietary Fiber; Dietary Fiber - pharmacology; drug effects; energy intake; Energy Intake - drug effects; Female; Food industries; functional foods; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; ghrelin; glucagon-like peptide 1; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 - blood; Glucans; Glucans - pharmacology; glucose; Humans; insulin; Insulin - blood; Male; Middle Aged; pharmacology; Postprandial Period; Postprandial Period - drug effects; pullulan; resistant starch; Satiation; Satiation - drug effects; satiety; Starch; Starch - pharmacology; Starch and starchy product industries; Young Adult; Zea mays; satiety; fiber; glucose; visual analog scale; gut hormones; Human; Pancreatic hormone; Digestive system; Postprandial; Gut; Resistant starch; Glucose; Insulin; Analog; Carbohydrate; Dietary fiber; Polysaccharide
• ISSN: 0021-8561; 1520-5118; 1520-5118
• DOI: 10.1021/jf303083r

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of three novel fibers on satiety and serum parameters. In a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, fasted subjects (n = 20) consumed a low-fiber control breakfast or one of four breakfasts containing 25 g of fiber from soluble corn fiber (SCF) or resistant starch (RS), alone or in combination with pullulan (SCF+P and RS+P). Visual analog scales assessed appetite, and blood samples were collected to measure glucose, insulin, ghrelin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). The fiber treatments did not influence satiety or energy intake compared to control. RS+P significantly reduced glucose, insulin, and GLP-1, but neither SCF treatment differed from control. To conclude, these fibers have little impact on satiety when provided as a mixed meal matched for calories and macronutrients. Additional research regarding the physiological effects of these novel fibers is needed to guide their use as functional ingredients in food products.