Synthesis of a Series of Stromelysin-Selective Thiadiazole Urea Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors

• Published in: Journal of medicinal chemistry Vol. 42; no. 9; pp. 1525 - 1536
• Main Authors: Jacobsen, E. Jon, Mitchell, Mark A, Hendges, Susan K, Belonga, Kenneth L, Skaletzky, Louis L, Stelzer, Lindsay S, Lindberg, Thomas. J, Fritzen, Edward L, Schostarez, Heinrich J, O'Sullivan, Theresa J, Maggiora, Linda L, Stuchly, Christopher W, Laborde, Alice L, Kubicek, Marc F, Poorman, Roger A, Beck, Joan M, Miller, Henry R, Petzold, Gary L, Scott, Pam S, Truesdell, Scott E, Wallace, Tanya L, Wilks, John W, Fisher, Christopher, Goodman, Linda V, Kaytes, Paul S, Ledbetter, Stephen R, Powers, Elaine A, Vogeli, Gabriel, Mott, John E, Trepod, Catherine M, Staples, Douglas J, Baldwin, Eric T, Finzel, Barry C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: WASHINGTON American Chemical Society 06.05.1999; Amer Chemical Soc
• Subjects: Binding Sites; Biological and medical sciences; Bones, joints and connective tissue. Antiinflammatory agents; Chemistry, Medicinal; Fluorescence; Humans; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; Medical sciences; Models, Molecular; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Protease Inhibitors - chemical synthesis; Protease Inhibitors - chemistry; Protease Inhibitors - pharmacology; Science & Technology; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thiadiazoles - chemical synthesis; Thiadiazoles - chemistry; Thiadiazoles - pharmacology; Urea - analogs & derivatives; Urea - chemical synthesis; Urea - chemistry; Urea - pharmacology; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; LOCALIZATION; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; PRECURSOR; COLLAGENASE; SYNOVIUM; CATALYTIC DOMAIN; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; EXPRESSION; FACTOR-ALPHA; Sulfur nitrogen heterocycle; Five membered ring; Enzyme; Enzyme inhibitor; Metalloendopeptidases; Inhibitor enzyme complex; Binding site; Selectivity; Thiadiazole derivatives; In vitro; Peptidases; α-Aminoacid; Structure activity relation; Biphenyl derivatives; Hydrolases; Carboxamide; Benzenic compound; Ureas; Fluorine Organic compounds; Piperazine derivatives; Chemical synthesis
• ISSN: 0022-2623; 1520-4804
• DOI: 10.1021/jm9803222

The synthesis and enzyme inhibition data for a series of thiadiazole urea matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors are described. A broad screening effort was utilized to identify several thiadiazoles which were weak inhibitors of stromelysin. Optimization of the thiadiazole leads to include an α-amino acid side chain with variable terminal amide substituents provided a series of ureas which were moderately effective stromelysin inhibitors, with K i's between 0.3 and 1.0 μM. The most effective analogues utilized an l-phenylalanine as the amino acid component. In particular, unsubstituted 46 had a K i of 710 nM, while the p-fluoro analogue 52 displayed increased potency (100 nM). Stromelysin inhibition was further improved using a pentafluorophenylalanine substituent which resulted in 70, a 14 nM inhibitor. While gelatinase inhibition was generally poor, the use of 1-(2-pyridyl)piperazine as the amide component usually provided for enhanced activity, with 71 inhibiting gelatinase with a K i of 770 nM. The combination of this heterocycle with a p-fluorophenylalanine substituent provided the only analogue, 69, with collagenase activity (13 μM). The SAR for analogues described within this series can be rationalized through consideration of the X-ray structure recently attained for 70 complexed to stromelysin. Uniquely, this structure showed the inhibitor to be completely orientated on the left side of the enzyme cleft. These results suggest that thiadiazole urea heterocycles which incorporate a substituted phenylalanine can provide selective inhibitors of stromelysin. Careful selection of the amide substituent can also provide for analogues with modest gelatinase inhibition.