FeLIX is a restriction factor for mammalian retrovirus infection

Retroviruses are unique in using reverse transcriptase to convert RNA genomes into DNA, infecting germ cells, and transmitting to offspring. Numerous ancient retroviral sequences are known as endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). The soluble Env protein derived from ERVs functions as a co-factor that assi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of virology Vol. 98; no. 4; p. e0177123
Main Authors Pramono, Didik, Takeuchi, Dai, Katsuki, Masato, AbuEed, Loai, Abdillah, Dimas, Kimura, Tohru, Kawasaki, Junna, Miyake, Ariko, Nishigaki, Kazuo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Society for Microbiology 16.04.2024
Subjects
Veterinary Microbiology
Virus-Cell Interactions
restriction factor
endogenous retrovirus
feline leukemia virus
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Summary:Retroviruses are unique in using reverse transcriptase to convert RNA genomes into DNA, infecting germ cells, and transmitting to offspring. Numerous ancient retroviral sequences are known as endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). The soluble Env protein derived from ERVs functions as a co-factor that assists in FeLV-T infection. However, herein, we show that the soluble Env protein exhibits antiviral activity and provides resistance to mammalian retrovirus infection through competitive receptor binding. In particular, this finding may explain why FeLV-B transmission is not observed among domestic cats. ERV-derived molecules can benefit animals in an evolutionary arms race, highlighting the double-edged-sword nature of ERVs.
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The authors declare no conflict of interest.
ISSN:0022-538X
1098-5514
1098-5514
DOI:10.1128/jvi.01771-23