Biocompatible Graphene Oxide-Based Glucose Biosensors

• Published in: Langmuir Vol. 26; no. 9; pp. 6158 - 6160
• Main Authors: Liu, Yong, Yu, Dingshan, Zeng, Chao, Miao, Zongcheng, Dai, Liming
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 04.05.2010
• Subjects: Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Biosensing Techniques - methods; Cell Line; Chemistry; Colloidal state and disperse state; Electrodes; Enzymes, Immobilized - chemistry; Enzymes, Immobilized - metabolism; Exact sciences and technology; General and physical chemistry; Glucose - analysis; Glucose Oxidase - chemistry; Glucose Oxidase - metabolism; Graphite - chemistry; Humans; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Porous materials; Surface physical chemistry; Human; Glucose oxidase; Stability; Enzyme; EPR spectrometry; Oxides; Potential; Porous material; Electrodes; Microporosity; Amine; Storage; Acids; Reproducibility; Biosensor; Pigments; Biocompatibility; Carboxyl group; Oxidoreductases
• ISSN: 0743-7463; 1520-5827
• DOI: 10.1021/la100886x

This letter demonstrates that a novel, highly efficient enzyme electrode can be directly obtained using covalent attachment between carboxyl acid groups of graphene oxide sheets and amines of glucose oxidase. The resulting biosensor exhibits a broad linear range up to 28 mM·mm−2 glucose with a sensitivity of 8.045 mA·cm−2·M−1. The glucose oxidase-immobilized graphene oxide electrode also shows a reproducibility and a good storage stability, suggesting potentials for a wide range of practical applications. The biocompatibility of as-synthesized graphene oxide nanosheets with human cells, especially retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, was investigated for the first time in the present work. Microporous graphene oxide exhibits good biocompatibility and has potential advantages with respect to cell attachment and proliferation, leading to opportunities for using graphene-based biosensors for the clinical diagnosis.