Reduced Cx43 Gap Junction Plaque Expression Differentiates Thyroid Carcinomas From Benign Disease

• Published in: Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery Vol. 137; no. 11; pp. 1161 - 1165
• Main Authors: Darr, E. Ashlie, Patel, Anand D, Yu, Guopei, Komorowski, Zbigniew, McCormick, Steven, Tiwari, Raj, Schantz, Stimson P, Geliebter, Jan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL American Medical Association 01.11.2011
• Subjects: Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Biomarkers, Tumor - biosynthesis; Connexin 43 - biosynthesis; Diagnosis, Differential; Endocrinopathies; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Malignant tumors; Medical sciences; Membranes; Middle Aged; Non tumoral diseases. Target tissue resistance. Benign neoplasms; Oncology; Otolaryngology; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Thyroid cancer; Thyroid Diseases - diagnosis; Thyroid Diseases - metabolism; Thyroid Diseases - surgery; Thyroid Neoplasms - diagnosis; Thyroid Neoplasms - metabolism; Thyroid Neoplasms - surgery; Thyroid. Thyroid axis (diseases); Thyroidectomy; Endocrinopathy; Malignant tumor; Gap junction; Thyroid diseases; Cancer; Thyroid carcinoma
• ISSN: 0886-4470; 2168-6181; 1538-361X; 2168-619X
• DOI: 10.1001/archoto.2011.186

OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) in benign vs malignant thyroid tissue for potential use as a diagnostic marker. DESIGN Retrospective study. SUBJECTS Thyroid specimens were obtained from 50 patients who underwent partial or total thyroidectomy at the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, New York, between 1999 and 2007. They included goiter (n = 5), follicular adenoma (n = 15), follicular carcinoma (n = 17), papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (n = 7) and the follicular variant of PTC (n = 6). INTERVENTIONS Tissue sections (5 μm) were immunohistochemically stained for Cx43 with the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method using an automated stainer. The Cx43 membrane staining pattern was evaluated. RESULTS Twenty-three of 30 cancer specimens (77%) revealed a loss of Cx43 plaque staining at the cellular membrane compared with only 3 of 20 benign specimens (15%). Among the malignant specimens, loss of Cx43 plaque staining was observed in 11 of 17 follicular carcinomas (65%), 5 of 6 follicular variants of PTC (83%), and 7 of 7 PTCs (100%). In contrast, only 3 of 15 adenomas (20%) and 0 of 5 goiter samples demonstrated loss of Cx43 plaque staining at the cell membrane. CONCLUSION Our data provide evidence that the absence of Cx43 plaque staining is associated with thyroid cancer and thus holds potential clinical utility as a marker for malignant disease.