Geochemistry and quality of the groundwater from the karstic and coastal aquifer of Geropotamos River Basin at north-central Crete, Greece

• Published in: Environmental earth sciences Vol. 67; no. 4; pp. 1145 - 1153
• Main Authors: Sdao, Francesco, Parisi, Serena, Kalisperi, Despina, Pascale, Stefania, Soupios, Pantelis, Lydakis-Simantiris, Nikos, Kouli, Maria
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer-Verlag 01.10.2012; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Aquifers; Biogeosciences; Chemical analysis; Coastal aquifers; Coasts; Earth and Environmental Science; Earth Sciences; Environmental Science and Engineering; Freshwater; Geochemistry; Geology; Groundwater; Groundwater pollution; Hydrology/Water Resources; Miocene; Original Article; River basins; Rivers; Saline intrusion; Saline water intrusion; Salinity; Salinization; Seawater; Stable isotopes; Terrestrial Pollution; Water analysis; Water sampling; Water springs; Crete; Greece, Kriti; Geochemistry; Crete; Groundwater quality; Saltwater intrusion; Geropotamos Basin
• ISSN: 1866-6280; 1866-6299
• DOI: 10.1007/s12665-012-1558-6

In Geropotamos River Basin, located on the north-central part of Crete, Greece, two main factors were believed to be affecting the geochemistry of the groundwater with high salt contents: seawater intrusion and/or Miocene evaporates. To identify the origin of the high salinity in groundwater, a hydrogeochemical and isotopic study was performed. Water samples from 22 wells and 2 springs were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters, major ions analysis, as well as stable isotopes (δ 18 O, δD). From the present survey, in which detailed hydrogeochemical investigation was conducted, the uncertainty of the contamination sources was decreased in the northern part of Geropotamos Basin. The results complement the scenario in which seawater and the widespread human activities are the principal sources of groundwater contamination. Moreover, the results of the stable isotopes analyses (δ 18 O and δD) support the same hypothesis and make seawater intrusion the most probable cause for the highest salinity waters. It is indicated that saline intrusion is likely to occur along fractures in a fault zone through otherwise low-permeability phyllite–quartzite bedrock, which demonstrates the critical role of fracture pathways in salination problems of coastal aquifers.