Oral Bioavailability, Urinary Excretion and Organ Distribution of Melamine in Sprague−Dawley Rats by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry

• Published in: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol. 58; no. 1; pp. 108 - 111
• Main Authors: Wu, Yu-Tse, Huang, Chih-Min, Lin, Chia-Chun, Ho, Wei-An, Lin, Lie-Chwen, Chiu, Ting-Fang, Tarng, Der-Cherng, Lin, Chi-Hung, Tsai, Tung-Hu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 13.01.2010
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Analytical Methods; animal models; animal organs; Animals; bioavailability; Biological and medical sciences; Biological Availability; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods; dietary exposure; feed contamination; Feeding. Feeding behavior; food contamination; Food industries; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; high performance liquid chromatography; Male; mass spectrometry; melamine; oral administration; pet foods; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; tandem mass spectrometry; Tandem Mass Spectrometry - methods; Tissue Distribution; Triazines - administration & dosage; Triazines - pharmacokinetics; Triazines - urine; urination; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; pharmacokinetics; urinary excretion; oral bioavailability; distribution; Melamine; Excretion; Rat; Rodentia; HPLC chromatography; Bioavailability; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Distribution; Pharmacokinetics; Mass spectrometry
• ISSN: 0021-8561; 1520-5118
• DOI: 10.1021/jf902872j

High-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS) was used to determine melamine oral bioavailability (BA) and urinary excretion. Organ distribution after a 14-day consecutive oral melamine administration (100 mg/kg/day, once a day) was also evaluated. A noncompartmental model was utilized to obtain pharmacokinetic parameters. According to the results, the BA of melamine was estimated to be 98.1%. Approximately 63% of administered melamine was recovered in urine within 96 h after a single oral administration (100 mg/kg). The bladder had the highest melamine concentration of all the organs after a 14-day consecutive oral administration of melamine, and almost no melamine was found in the rat brain. This result indicated that the oral absorption of melamine was almost complete and urinary excretion was the major route for its elimination. Repeated exposure to high-dose melamine may result in only slight accumulation in organs.