Effect of Vermicomposts from Wastes of the Wine and Alcohol Industries in the Persistence and Distribution of Imidacloprid and Diuron on Agricultural Soils

• Published in: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol. 57; no. 12; pp. 5435 - 5442
• Main Authors: Fernández-Bayo, Jesús D, Nogales, Rogelio, Romero, Esperanza
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 24.06.2009
• Subjects: alcoholic beverages; Biodegradation, Environmental; Biological and medical sciences; carbon; chemical degradation; diuron; Diuron - chemistry; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Restoration and Remediation - methods; enzyme activity; Fermented food industries; Food industries; food processing wastes; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects; imidacloprid; Imidazoles - chemistry; Industrial Waste - analysis; mathematical models; Neonicotinoids; Nitro Compounds - chemistry; organic compounds; pesticide persistence; pesticide residues; Pesticides - chemistry; Pollution and sludges; pollution control; sandy loam soils; silty clay soils; simulation models; soil; Soil - analysis; soil amendments; soil enzymes; Soil Pollutants - chemistry; soil pollution; vermicomposts; winemaking; Wines and vinegars; vermicompost; enzyme activity; Diuron; soil; degradation; modelization; imidacloprid; Insecticide; Enzyme; Pesticides; Alcohol; Agricultural soil; Degradation; Persistence; Wine industry; Distribution; Wastes
• ISSN: 0021-8561; 1520-5118
• DOI: 10.1021/jf900303j

The persistence and distribution of diuron (D) and imidacloprid (I) in soils amended or not with winery vermicomposts were recorded for several months. Sandy loam (S1) and silty clay loam (S2) soils with organic carbon contents of <1% were selected. After incubation, around 78% of I remained in the soil and no metabolites were found. Diuron was dissipated more rapidly except in the unamended soil S1 with DT50 values of 259 days. The addition of vermicomposts to S1 soil decreased the persistence of D, and high amounts of DPMU (40%) and DPU (20%) metabolites were found. In unamended and amended S2 soils, the persistence of D was lower than in S1 (DT50 < 42 days) but only DPMU was determined (up to 5%). Different simulation models from FOCUS guidelines were applied to the experimental data. No relationship between pesticide degradation and soil enzyme activities was found.