Multifrequency electromagnetic method for the hydrogeophysical characterization of hard-rock aquifers; the case of the upstream watershed of White Bandama (northern Ivory Coast)

• Published in: Bulletin de la Société géologique de France Vol. 193; p. 11
• Main Authors: Ouedraogo, Moussa, Pessel, Marc, Durand, Véronique, Saintenoy, Albane, Kamagate, Bamory, Savane, Issiaka
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Société Géologique de France 2022; Société géologique de France - EDP Sciences; EDP Sciences
• Subjects: Africa; aquifers; Continental interfaces, environment; drinking water; Earth Sciences; electromagnetic methods; electromagnetic sounding; exploration; fissures; geophysical methods; ground water; hard-rock aquifer; hydrodynamics; Hydrogeology; hydrogeophysics; Hydrology; image analysis; Ivory Coast; laterites; layered materials; lithologs; northern Ivory Coast; one-dimensional models; resistivity; saprolite; Sciences of the Universe; soils; sounding; sustainable development; water management; water resources; watersheds; West Africa; White Bandama Basin
• ISSN: 0037-9409; 1777-5817; 1777-5817
• DOI: 10.1051/bsgf/2022009

In West Africa, the drinking water supply relies on the hard-rock aquifers. In Ivory Coast, the population growth along with the climate changes make drinking water resources highly vulnerable. The White Bandama upstream watershed in northern Ivory Coast is located on a fissured hard-rock aquifer and is poorly known, both in the geometry of the reservoirs and in the hydrogeological potential of the reserves it contains. Indeed, the heterogeneous subsurface in this region shows high variability in the hydraulic conductivity inducing difficulties in the hydrogeological exploration. The determination of the geometry and hydrodynamic properties of the aquifer are required for a sustainable management of this water resource and for a better choice of future well locations. This study presents a hydrogeophysical approach using the multifrequency electromagnetic device PROMISR, as well as lithology logs and geological information of a 30×30 km zone in the northwestern part of the White Bandama catchment. Our geophysical data are interpreted with 1D multi-layer models consistent with the discontinuities observed in lithology logs and the geology of the site. Results allow to precise the local thicknesses of the 3 main units of our study area down to 50 m, being from top to down, saprolite (which is often indured close to the surface), fissured-rock zone and rock substratum. Between the saprolite and the fissured zone, the main aquifer unit constitutes the interesting target for productive water wells. Its thickness ranges from 15 to 30 m. A detailed knowledge of the local aquifer geometry constitutes the first and crucial step before going further into a complete hydrogeological study.