Tsunami deposits in the geological record

A review is presented here of tsunami deposits in the geological record. It begins with a discussion of the relationships between the processes of tsunami generation and propagation and the sedimentary responses. This is followed by a consideration of the sedimentary processes associated with the pa...

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Published inSedimentary geology Vol. 200; no. 3; pp. 166 - 183
Main Authors Dawson, Alastair G., Stewart, Iain
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier B.V 15.08.2007
Subjects
Geology
Offshore
Run-up
Sedimentation
Tsunami deposits
Tsunami deposits
Offshore
Geology
Sedimentation
Run-up
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Summary:A review is presented here of tsunami deposits in the geological record. It begins with a discussion of the relationships between the processes of tsunami generation and propagation and the sedimentary responses. This is followed by a consideration of the sedimentary processes associated with the passage of tsunami waves across coastlines. Attention is also given to the sedimentary processes associated with tsunami-triggered gravity backwash flows and comparisons are made with turbidity current action. We observe that despite sedimentary evidence for recent tsunamiites, geological research on ancient tsunamis has not identified stratigraphic units associated with onshore tsunami sedimentation. Equally, it is noted that nearly all published studies of sedimentary processes associated with modern tsunamis have not considered patterns of sediment transport and deposition in the offshore zone.
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ISSN:0037-0738
DOI:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2007.01.002