A novel regulation on the developmental checkpoint protein Sda that controls sporulation and biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis

Genome-wide ribosome profiling in Bacillus subtilis shows that under serine limitation, ribosomes pause on the four TCN (N for A, C, G, and T), but not AGC/AGT serine codons, during translation at a global scale. This serine codon hierarchy (AGC/T vs TCN) differentially influences the translation ef...

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Published inJournal of bacteriology Vol. 207; no. 3; p. e0021024
Main Authors He, Yinghao, Qin, Yuxuan, Greenwich, Jennifer, Balaban, Samantha, Darcera, Migue Van Louis, Gozzi, Kevin, Chai, Yunrong
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Society for Microbiology 20.03.2025
Subjects
Algorithms
Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus subtilis - genetics
Bacillus subtilis - growth & development
Bacillus subtilis - metabolism
Bacillus subtilis - physiology
Bacterial Proteins - genetics
Bacterial Proteins - metabolism
Bacteriology
Biofilms
Biofilms - growth & development
Biological activity
Codon - genetics
Codons
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial - physiology
Genes
mRNA
Proteins
Research Article
Ribosomes
Serine
Spores, Bacterial - genetics
Spores, Bacterial - growth & development
Spores, Bacterial - physiology
Sporulation
Stationary phase
Translation
Sda
serine codon
Bacillus subtilis
synonymous codon
biofilm
sporulation
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Summary:Genome-wide ribosome profiling in Bacillus subtilis shows that under serine limitation, ribosomes pause on the four TCN (N for A, C, G, and T), but not AGC/AGT serine codons, during translation at a global scale. This serine codon hierarchy (AGC/T vs TCN) differentially influences the translation efficiency of genes enriched in certain serine codons. In this study, we designed an algorithm to score all 4,000+ genes in the B. subtilis genome and generated a list of 50 genes that could be subject to this novel serine codon hierarchy-mediated regulation. We further investigated one such gene, sda , encoding a developmental checkpoint protein. We show that sda and cell developments controlled by Sda are also regulated by this novel mechanism.
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Present address: Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
ISSN:0021-9193
1098-5530
1098-5530
DOI:10.1128/jb.00210-24