A Structural Analysis of the FDA Green Book-Approved Veterinary Drugs and Roles in Human Medicine

• Published in: Journal of medicinal chemistry Vol. 63; no. 24; pp. 15449 - 15482
• Main Authors: Scott, Kevin A, Qureshi, M. Haziq, Cox, Philip B, Marshall, Christopher M, Bellaire, Bailey C, Wilcox, Michael, Stuart, Bradey A. R, Njardarson, Jon T
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Chemical Society 24.12.2020
• Subjects: Anesthetics - chemistry; Anesthetics - metabolism; Anesthetics - therapeutic use; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry; Anti-Bacterial Agents - metabolism; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - metabolism; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use; Antifungal Agents - chemistry; Antifungal Agents - metabolism; Antifungal Agents - therapeutic use; Antiparasitic Agents - chemistry; Antiparasitic Agents - metabolism; Antiparasitic Agents - therapeutic use; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism; Drug Approval; Humans; Insecticides - chemistry; Insecticides - metabolism; Insecticides - therapeutic use; Small Molecule Libraries - chemistry; Small Molecule Libraries - metabolism; Small Molecule Libraries - therapeutic use; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration; Veterinary Drugs - chemistry; Veterinary Drugs - metabolism; Veterinary Drugs - therapeutic use; United States
• ISSN: 0022-2623; 1520-4804
• DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01502

The FDA Green Book is a list of all drug products that have been approved by the FDA for use in veterinary medicine. The Green Book, as published, lacks structural information corresponding to approved drugs. To address this gap, we have compiled the structural data for all FDA Green Book drugs approved through the end of 2019. Herein we discuss the relevance of this data set to human drugs in the context of structural classes and physicochemical properties. Analysis reveals that physicochemical properties are highly optimized and consistent with a high probability of favorable drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic properties, including good oral bioavailability for most compounds. We provide a detailed analysis of this data set organized on the basis of structure and function. Slightly over half (51%) of vet drugs are also approved in human medicine. Combination drugs are biologics are also discussed.