Evidence for Local Spots of Viscous Electron Flow in Graphene at Moderate Mobility

• Published in: Nano letters Vol. 21; no. 22; pp. 9365 - 9373
• Main Authors: Samaddar, Sayanti, Strasdas, Jeff, Janßen, Kevin, Just, Sven, Johnsen, Tjorven, Wang, Zhenxing, Uzlu, Burkay, Li, Sha, Neumaier, Daniel, Liebmann, Marcus, Morgenstern, Markus
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Chemical Society 24.11.2021
• Subjects: electrostatic force microscopy; electron viscosity; negative electric fields; field effect; graphene; Kelvin probe force microscopy
• ISSN: 1530-6984; 1530-6992
• DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01145

Dominating electron–electron scattering enables viscous electron flow exhibiting hydrodynamic current density patterns, such as Poiseuille profiles or vortices. The viscous regime has recently been observed in graphene by nonlocal transport experiments and mapping of the Poiseuille profile. Herein, we probe the current-induced surface potential maps of graphene field-effect transistors with moderate mobility using scanning probe microscopy at room temperature. We discover micrometer-sized large areas appearing close to charge neutrality that show current-induced electric fields opposing the externally applied field. By estimating the local scattering lengths from the gate dependence of local in-plane electric fields, we find that electron–electron scattering dominates in these areas as expected for viscous flow. Moreover, we suppress the inverted fields by artificially decreasing the electron-disorder scattering length via mild ion bombardment. These results imply that viscous electron flow is omnipresent in graphene devices, even at moderate mobility.