Temperature-Dependent Self-Assembly of Adenine Derivative on HOPG

• Published in: Langmuir Vol. 29; no. 34; pp. 10737 - 10743
• Main Authors: Mu, Zhongcheng, Rubner, Oliver, Bamler, Markus, Blömker, Tobias, Kehr, Gerald, Erker, Gerhard, Heuer, Andreas, Fuchs, Harald, Chi, Lifeng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 27.08.2013
• Subjects: Adenine - analogs & derivatives; Adenine - chemistry; Chemistry; Exact sciences and technology; General and physical chemistry; Graphite - chemistry; Hydrogen Bonding; Microscopy, Scanning Tunneling; Surface physical chemistry; Temperature; Adenine derivatives; Self assembly; High resolution; Stability; In situ; Adenine; Algorithm; Scanning tunneling microscopy; Adsorption; Binding energy; Graphite; Density functional method; Structure; Hydrogen bond
• ISSN: 0743-7463; 1520-5827
• DOI: 10.1021/la401974t

Temperature-dependent self-assembly formed by the adsorption of the nucleobase adenine derivative on a graphite surface were investigated by in situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The high-resolution STM images reveal two types of structures, α phase and β phase, which are mainly driven by either hydrogen bonding or aromatic π–π interactions between adenine bases, respectively, as well as the interactions of alkyl chains. α-Phase structures can be transformed into β-phase structures by increasing temperature. The reverse is true for decreasing temperature. This reflects structural stabilities resulting from the different interactions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to characterize possible arrangements of adjacent adenine moieties systematically in terms of binding energies and structural properties. Via a systematic search algorithm, all possible network structures were determined on a microscopic level. In this way, it is possible to rationalize the structural parameters as found in the STM images.