Simulation and optimization of layered bioretention facilities by HYDRUS-1D model and response surface methodology

• Published in: Journal of hydrology (Amsterdam) Vol. 586; p. 124813
• Main Authors: Li, Jiake, Zhao, Ruisong, Li, Yajiao, Li, Huaien
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.07.2020
• Subjects: Bioretention; HYDRUS-1D; Parameter optimization; Response surface methodology; HYDRUS-1D; Response surface methodology; Bioretention; Parameter optimization
• ISSN: 0022-1694; 1879-2707
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.124813

[Display omitted] •The operation effects of bioretention tanks were simulated by HYDRUS-1D model.•Key bioretention parameters were optimized by response surface methodology.•Increasing the thickness of the medium layer can improve the regulation effect.•Fly ash has better regulation effect than planting soil and blast furnace slag. The parameters of bioretention facilities have important effects on their operations. However, previous studies have either examined the regulation effects of these parameters or conducted scenario simulations, whereas very few studies have attempted to optimize the key parameters of low impact development (LID) facilities. To fill this gap, the key parameters of bioretention facilities were optimized in this work to improve the operation of these facilities. Simulated rainfall experiments were also conducted in a school test field to monitor the regulation effect of bioretention tanks on water quantity and quality under different scenarios. The operation of bioretention facilities in other scenarios (compared with the experimental scenario) was simulated by using the HYDRAUS-1D model on the basis of the experimental data. The key parameters that greatly influence the regulation effect of bioretention facilities were defined by using the Morris classification screening method and were optimized by using the simulation results and the response surface methodology. Results show that the water reduction rate ranges from 80% to 85% and that the thickness of the medium layer ranges from 25 cm to 120 cm under a high influent concentration. Meanwhile, the bioretention tanks with an artificial filler of fly ash + sand or planting soil can treat more scenario rainfall (recurrence period of 2 years + confluence ratio of 10:1–20:1, recurrence period of 5 years + confluence ratio of 10:1–15:1, and recurrence period of 10 years + confluence ratio of 10:1), whereas the bioretention tank with artificial filler of blast furnace slag can deal with less scenario rainfall (recurrence period of 2 years/5 years/10 years + confluence ratio of 10:1 and recurrence period of 2 years + confluence ratio of 15:1).