Suicide: The Unmet Challenge of the Trauma System

• Published in: Archives of surgery (Chicago. 1960) Vol. 140; no. 9; pp. 902 - 904
• Main Authors: Schecter, William P, Klassen, Carolyn, O’Connor, Patricia, Potts, Matthew, Ochitill, Herbert
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL American Medical Association 01.09.2005
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biological and medical sciences; Cohort Studies; Female; General aspects; Humans; Injuries; Male; Medical sciences; Mental Disorders - complications; Mental Disorders - psychology; Mental Disorders - therapy; Mental health; Middle Aged; Preventive medicine; Psychiatry; Psychotherapy; Retrospective Studies; San Francisco - epidemiology; Suicide - psychology; Suicide - statistics & numerical data; Suicide, Attempted - psychology; Suicide, Attempted - statistics & numerical data; Suicides & suicide attempts; Wounds and Injuries - complications; Wounds and Injuries - psychology; California; United States; North America; America; San Francisco; Human; Medicine; Self injury; Treatment; Surgery; Suicide; Statistical study; Trauma
• ISSN: 0004-0010; 2168-6254; 1538-3644; 2168-6262
• DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.140.9.902

HYPOTHESIS We hypothesized that a significant number of injuries and deaths due to suicide occurred in patients undergoing psychiatric treatment. DESIGN We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients who committed suicide and patients with intentional self-inflicted injury. SETTING San Francisco General Hospital in San Francisco, Calif, and the San Francisco Violent Injury Reporting System. PATIENTS We retrospectively reviewed the San Francisco General Hospital records for all attempted and fatal suicides during calendar years 2001 and 2002. Data were merged with suicide data collected by the San Francisco Violent Injury Reporting System. RESULTS Two hundred thirty-five suicides occurred between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2002. One hundred thirty-two patients (56%) who committed suicide had a known mental health disorder at the time of their suicide. One hundred fifteen (87.1%) of those with a known mental health disorder had received psychiatric treatment at some point. Ninety-one patients (68.9%) with a known mental health disorder who committed suicide were receiving psychiatric treatment at the time of suicide. One hundred sixty-five (70%) of those who committed suicide had a traumatic mechanism of death. During the same 2-year period, 3106 trauma patients were admitted to San Francisco General Hospital. Fifty-five (2%) sustained intentional self-inflicted injuries. Ten (18%) of the 55 patients with intentional self-inflicted injury died after arrival at San Francisco General Hospital. CONCLUSION Creation of a feedback mechanism between the trauma and mental health systems has the potential to improve psychiatric care and prevent injury and death.Arch Surg. 2005;140:902-904-->