Precipitation of Calcium Carbonate Inside Giant Unilamellar Vesicles Composed of Fluid-Phase Lipids

• Published in: Langmuir Vol. 36; no. 44; pp. 13244 - 13250
• Main Authors: Witt, Hannes, Yandrapalli, Naresh, Sari, Merve, Turco, Laura, Robinson, Tom, Steinem, Claudia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: American Chemical Society 10.11.2020
• ISSN: 0743-7463; 1520-5827
• DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02175

Biomineralization of CaCO3 commonly involves the formation of amorphous CaCO3 precursor particles that are produced in a confined space surrounded by a lipid bilayer. While the influence of confinement itself has been investigated with different model systems, the impact of an enclosing continuous lipid bilayer on CaCO3 formation in a confined space is still poorly understood as appropriate model systems are rare. Here, we present a new versatile method based on droplet-based microfluidics to produce fluid-phase giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) in the presence of high CaCl2 concentrations. These GUVs can be readily investigated by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy in combination with bright-field microscopy, demonstrating that the formed CaCO3 particles are in conformal contact with the fluid-phase lipid bilayer and thus suggesting a strong interaction between the particle and the membrane. Atomic force microscopy adhesion studies with membrane-coated spheres on different CaCO3 crystals corroborated this notion of a strong interaction between the lipids and CaCO3.