Self-Reported Depressive Symptoms in Active and Retired Professional Hockey Players
This study presents data on self-reported depressive symptoms in active and retired professional hockey players and examines psychosocial factors related to depressive symptoms. Data were derived from an online survey that was sent to 1,276 active players and approximately 4,000 retired players in t...
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Published in | Canadian journal of behavioural science Vol. 52; no. 2; pp. 97 - 106 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Ottawa
Educational Publishing Foundation
01.04.2020
Canadian Psychological Association |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | This study presents data on self-reported depressive symptoms in active and retired professional hockey players and examines psychosocial factors related to depressive symptoms. Data were derived from an online survey that was sent to 1,276 active players and approximately 4,000 retired players in the Professional Hockey Players' Association (PHPA). A total of 409 participants completed the survey, representing 56% of those who opened the survey link. In our sample, retired players reported moderate to very severe levels of depressive symptoms at nearly twice the rate of active players, and at rates higher than those reported for the general population. For both retired and active players, greater normative male alexithymia (NMA) was associated with greater depressive symptoms. Compared with active players, retired players perceived themselves as having lower social support from their family and friends, and across the entire sample, lower perceived social support was related to greater depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that preventative mental health interventions targeting NMA and access to social support may benefit retired professional hockey players and those transitioning to retirement.
Cette étude présente des données sur les symptômes dépressifs signalés par les joueurs de hockey professionnels actifs et retraités et examine les facteurs psychosociaux liés aux symptômes dépressifs. Les données sont issues d'un sondage en ligne envoyé à 1 276 joueurs actifs et à environ 4 000 joueurs retraités de l'Association des joueurs de hockey professionnels (PHPA). Au total, 409 participants ont répondu au sondage, représentant 56 % de ceux qui ont ouvert le lien menant au sondage. Dans notre échantillon, les joueurs retraités ont signalé des symptômes dépressifs de niveau modéré à très grave près de deux fois plus que les joueurs actifs, et à des taux plus élevés que ceux signalés pour la population générale. Tant pour les joueurs retraités que pour les joueurs actifs, une alexithymie masculine normative (NMA) plus élevée a été associée à des symptômes dépressifs plus importants. Comparativement aux joueurs actifs, les joueurs retraités se perçoivent comme ayant un soutien social inférieur de leur famille et de leurs amis, et sur l'ensemble de l'échantillon, un soutien social perçu comme étant moindre était lié à des symptômes dépressifs plus importants. Ces résultats suggèrent que les interventions préventives en matière de santé mentale ciblant la NMA et l'accès au soutien social pourraient être bénéfiques aux joueurs de hockey professionnels retraités et à ceux qui partent à la retraite.
Public Significance Statement
Over the past decade, the tragic deaths of four NHL players who openly suffered from depression have sparked growing concern among Canadians about the emotional wellbeing of hockey players. The results of this study indicate that concern is warranted. Retired professional hockey players in our sample endorsed moderate to very severe depressive symptoms at approximately twice the rate of active players, suggesting the value of preventative mental health interventions aimed at retired and retiring professional hockey players. |
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ISSN: | 0008-400X 1879-2669 |
DOI: | 10.1037/cbs0000169 |