TIMP‑1 Increases Expression and Phosphorylation of Proteins Associated with Drug Resistance in Breast Cancer Cells

• Published in: Journal of proteome research Vol. 12; no. 9; pp. 4136 - 4151
• Main Authors: Hekmat, Omid, Munk, Stephanie, Fogh, Louise, Yadav, Rachita, Francavilla, Chiara, Horn, Heiko, Würtz, Sidse Ørnbjerg, Schrohl, Anne-Sofie, Damsgaard, Britt, Rømer, Maria Unni, Belling, Kirstine C, Jensen, Niels Frank, Gromova, Irina, Bekker-Jensen, Dorte B, Moreira, José M, Jensen, Lars J, Gupta, Ramneek, Lademann, Ulrik, Brünner, Nils, Olsen, Jesper V, Stenvang, Jan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Chemical Society 06.09.2013
• Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Survival - drug effects; Cisplatin - pharmacology; Consensus Sequence; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I - chemistry; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I - metabolism; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II - chemistry; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II - metabolism; DNA-Binding Proteins - chemistry; DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Female; Gene Expression; Humans; MCF-7 Cells; Molecular Sequence Data; Phosphorylation; Protein Interaction Maps; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Proteome - chemistry; Proteome - metabolism; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 - physiology; Topoisomerase Inhibitors - pharmacology; quantitative mass spectrometry; phosphoproteomics; resistance to chemotherapy; two-dimensional PAGE; topoisomerase; breast cancer; SILAC; tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1
• ISSN: 1535-3893; 1535-3907
• DOI: 10.1021/pr400457u

Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) is a protein with a potential biological role in drug resistance. To elucidate the unknown molecular mechanisms underlying the association between high TIMP-1 levels and increased chemotherapy resistance, we employed SILAC-based quantitative mass spectrometry to analyze global proteome and phosphoproteome differences of MCF-7 breast cancer cells expressing high or low levels of TIMP-1. In TIMP-1 high expressing cells, 312 proteins and 452 phosphorylation sites were up-regulated. Among these were the cancer drug targets topoisomerase 1, 2A, and 2B, which may explain the resistance phenotype to topoisomerase inhibitors that was observed in cells with high TIMP-1 levels. Pathway analysis showed an enrichment of proteins from functional categories such as apoptosis, cell cycle, DNA repair, transcription factors, drug targets and proteins associated with drug resistance or sensitivity, and drug transportation. The NetworKIN algorithm predicted the protein kinases CK2a, CDK1, PLK1, and ATM as likely candidates involved in the hyperphosphorylation of the topoisomerases. Up-regulation of protein and/or phosphorylation levels of topoisomerases in TIMP-1 high expressing cells may be part of the mechanisms by which TIMP-1 confers resistance to treatment with the widely used topoisomerase inhibitors in breast and colorectal cancer.