The Fowler−Nordheim Plot Behavior and Mechanism of Field Electron Emission from ZnO Tetrapod Structures

Field emission measurements of current−voltage characteristics are reported for tetrapod structures of ZnO. The nonlinear Fowler−Nordheim (FN) plot is analyzed according to a model of calculation based on saturation of conduction band current and predominance of valence band current at high-field va...

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Published inACS nano Vol. 4; no. 10; pp. 5585 - 5590
Main Authors Al-Tabbakh, Ahmed A, More, Mahendra A, Joag, Dilip S, Mulla, Imtiaz S, Pillai, Vijayamohanan K
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Chemical Society 26.10.2010
Subjects
ZnO
field emission
nanostructures
Fowler−Nordheim plot
nonlinearity
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Summary:Field emission measurements of current−voltage characteristics are reported for tetrapod structures of ZnO. The nonlinear Fowler−Nordheim (FN) plot is analyzed according to a model of calculation based on saturation of conduction band current and predominance of valence band current at high-field values. The simulated FN plot exhibits similar features to those observed experimentally. The model of calculation suggests that the slope variation of the FN plot, in the high-field and low-field regions, does not depend on the magnitude of saturation. Instead, it is a characteristic of the energy band structure and voltage-to-barrier-field conversion factor of the emitting material.
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ISSN:1936-0851
1936-086X
DOI:10.1021/nn1008403