Different Hydrocarbon Types in Jet Fuel as Determined by GCxGC/FID - An Alternative Method to D2425

• Published in: Energy & fuels Vol. 37; no. 9; pp. 6629 - 6641
• Main Authors: Ikonen, K. Elias, Li, Wanru, Ruonakangas, Anne, Kilaz, Gozdem, Kenttämaa, Hilkka I.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: American Chemical Society 04.05.2023
• Subjects: Bioenergy, Biofuels, and Biorefinery
• ISSN: 0887-0624; 1520-5029
• DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c00774

The ASTM D2425 Standard Test Method for the determination of different hydrocarbon types in middle distillates by using mass spectrometry is a required test for the certification of various sustainable (not petroleum derived) aviation fuels according to ASTM D7566. However, recent studies show that the D2425 method updated in 2019 does not provide accurate results for a synthetic paraffinic kerosene (SPK) made from hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA). A promising alternative to the D2425 method for the analysis of different hydrocarbon types in both conventional jet fuel (Jet A-1) and SPK-HEFA type sustainable aviation fuel is presented here. The new method is based on GCxGC/FID technology. The performance of the new method is demonstrated by a validation study, which suggests that the GCxGC/FID method is rugged and selective, and it can be used to accurately quantify 12 different hydrocarbon types with a wide content range in both conventional Jet A-1 and SPK-HEFA type sustainable aviation fuel samples.