Intravenous Nesiritide vs Nitroglycerin for Treatment of Decompensated Congestive Heart Failure: A Randomized Controlled Trial
CONTEXT Decompensated congestive heart failure (CHF) is the leading hospital discharge diagnosis in patients older than 65 years. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous nesiritide, intravenous nitroglycerin, and placebo. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS Randomized, double-blind tri...
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Published in | JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association Vol. 287; no. 12; pp. 1531 - 1540 |
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Main Author | |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Chicago, IL
American Medical Association
27.03.2002
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | CONTEXT Decompensated congestive heart failure (CHF) is the leading hospital
discharge diagnosis in patients older than 65 years. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous nesiritide, intravenous
nitroglycerin, and placebo. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS Randomized, double-blind trial of 489 inpatients with dyspnea at rest
from decompensated CHF, including 246 who received pulmonary artery catheterization,
that was conducted at 55 community and academic hospitals between October
1999 and July 2000. INTERVENTIONS Intravenous nesiritide (n = 204), intravenous nitroglycerin (n = 143),
or placebo (n = 142) added to standard medications for 3 hours, followed by
nesiritide (n = 278) or nitroglycerin (n = 216) added to standard medication
for 24 hours. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Change in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) among catheterized
patients and patient self-evaluation of dyspnea at 3 hours after initiation
of study drug among all patients. Secondary outcomes included comparisons
of hemodynamic and clinical effects between nesiritide and nitroglycerin at
24 hours. RESULTS At 3 hours, the mean (SD) decrease in PCWP from baseline was –5.8
(6.5) mm Hg for nesiritide (vs placebo, P<.001;
vs nitroglycerin, P = .03), –3.8 (5.3) mm Hg
for nitroglycerin (vs placebo, P = .09), and –2
(4.2) mm Hg for placebo. At 3 hours, nesiritide resulted in improvement in
dyspnea compared with placebo (P = .03), but there
was no significant difference in dyspnea or global clinical status with nesiritide
compared with nitroglycerin. At 24 hours, the reduction in PCWP was greater
in the nesiritide group (−8.2 mm Hg) than the nitroglycerin group (−6.3
mm Hg), but patients reported no significant differences in dyspnea and only
modest improvement in global clinical status. CONCLUSION When added to standard care in patients hospitalized with acutely decompensated
CHF, nesiritide improves hemodynamic function and some self-reported symptoms
more effectively than intravenous nitroglycerin or placebo. |
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ISSN: | 0098-7484 1538-3598 |
DOI: | 10.1001/jama.287.12.1531 |