Cyclotriphosphonitrile-Based Electroactive Flame-Retardant Polymers for Electrochromic/Supercapacitor Devices

To mitigate the thermal runaway issue and thereby enhance the safety of electrochemical energy storage devices, designing electro-active materials with intrinsic flame-retardant and thermal insulation functions is considered an effective way. Herein, we propose an innovative molecular design strateg...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inACS applied polymer materials Vol. 5; no. 11; pp. 9594 - 9606
Main Authors Xu, Hong, Ning, Jiaoyi, Duan, Zunbin, Deng, Bin, Chen, Dinghui, Liu, Manyu, Li, Hongyang, Cai, Yulu, He, Yaowu, Meng, Hong
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published American Chemical Society 10.11.2023
Subjects
flame-retardant polymer
electrochromism
cyclotriphosphonitrile
thermal runaway
supercapacitor
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Summary:To mitigate the thermal runaway issue and thereby enhance the safety of electrochemical energy storage devices, designing electro-active materials with intrinsic flame-retardant and thermal insulation functions is considered an effective way. Herein, we propose an innovative molecular design strategy that amalgamated the cyclotriphosphonitrile derivative HCTP-BTDPBr with a conjugated polymer framework to construct intrinsic flame-retardant electro-active materials serving as dual function electrochromic/supercapacitor applications. Two series of donor–acceptor type copolymers, namely, PrOEG-BTD x -CTP y and PrOC12-BTD x -CTP y , were prepared by carefully modulating the ratio of HCTP-BTDPBr in the whole polymers. Systematic characterization of the electrochemical and flame-retardant performance revealed that PrOEG-BTD0.82-CTP0.18, PrOC12-BTD0.46-CTP0.54, and PrOC12-CTP showed obvious flame-retardant effects with the ignition times of 120, 108, and 80 s alongside heat release rates of 41.9, 27.5, and 31 KW m–2 g–1, respectively. The high specific capacitance of 87.34 mF cm–2 (at 0.1 mA cm–2) was obtained from PrOEG-BTD0.82-CTP0.18. Meanwhile, those three copolymers showed excellent electrochromic performance with multiple color changes between blue/transparent, purple/gray, and red-orange/grass green and impressive coloration efficiencies of 258, 158, and 172 cm2 C1–, respectively. Thus, we believe this molecular design strategy has great potential to improve the safety of electrochemical energy storage devices.
ISSN:2637-6105
2637-6105
DOI:10.1021/acsapm.3c02043