Graphene networks and their influence on free-volume properties of graphene-epoxidized natural rubber composites with a segregated structure: rheological and positron annihilation studiesElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00465a
Epoxidized natural rubber-graphene (ENR-GE) composites with segregated GE networks were successfully fabricated using the latex mixing combined in situ reduced technology. The rheological behavior and electrical conductivity of ENR-GE composites were investigated. At low frequencies, the storage mod...
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Language | English |
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29.04.2015
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Abstract | Epoxidized natural rubber-graphene (ENR-GE) composites with segregated GE networks were successfully fabricated using the latex mixing combined
in situ
reduced technology. The rheological behavior and electrical conductivity of ENR-GE composites were investigated. At low frequencies, the storage modulus (
G
′) became frequency-independent suggesting a solid-like rheological behavior and the formation of GE networks. According to the percolation theory, the rheological threshold of ENR-GE composites was calculated to be 0.17 vol%, which was lower than the electrical threshold of 0.23 vol%. Both percolation thresholds depended on the evolution of the GE networks in the composites. At low GE concentrations (<0.17 vol%), GE existed as individual units, while a "polymer-bridged GE network" was constructed in the composites when GE concentrations exceeded 0.17 vol%. Finally, a "three-dimensional GE network" with percolation conductive paths was formed with a GE concentration of 0.23 vol%, where a remarkable increase in the conductivity of ENR-GE composites was observed. The effect of GE on the atom scale free-volume properties of composites was further studied by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and positron age momentum correlation measurements. The motion of ENR chains was retarded by the geometric confinement of "GE networks", producing a high-density interfacial region in the vicinity of GE nanoplatelets, which led to a lower
ortho
-positronium lifetime intensity and smaller free-volume hole size.
The motion of ENR chains is retarded by the geometric confinement of "GE networks", producing a high-density interfacial region in the vicinity of GE nanoplatelets. |
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AbstractList | Epoxidized natural rubber-graphene (ENR-GE) composites with segregated GE networks were successfully fabricated using the latex mixing combined
in situ
reduced technology. The rheological behavior and electrical conductivity of ENR-GE composites were investigated. At low frequencies, the storage modulus (
G
′) became frequency-independent suggesting a solid-like rheological behavior and the formation of GE networks. According to the percolation theory, the rheological threshold of ENR-GE composites was calculated to be 0.17 vol%, which was lower than the electrical threshold of 0.23 vol%. Both percolation thresholds depended on the evolution of the GE networks in the composites. At low GE concentrations (<0.17 vol%), GE existed as individual units, while a "polymer-bridged GE network" was constructed in the composites when GE concentrations exceeded 0.17 vol%. Finally, a "three-dimensional GE network" with percolation conductive paths was formed with a GE concentration of 0.23 vol%, where a remarkable increase in the conductivity of ENR-GE composites was observed. The effect of GE on the atom scale free-volume properties of composites was further studied by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and positron age momentum correlation measurements. The motion of ENR chains was retarded by the geometric confinement of "GE networks", producing a high-density interfacial region in the vicinity of GE nanoplatelets, which led to a lower
ortho
-positronium lifetime intensity and smaller free-volume hole size.
The motion of ENR chains is retarded by the geometric confinement of "GE networks", producing a high-density interfacial region in the vicinity of GE nanoplatelets. |
Author | She, Xiaodong Liao, Shuangquan Liao, Jianhe Kong, Lingxue Peng, Zheng Zhong, Jieping He, Canzhong Gong, Wei |
AuthorAffiliation | Hainan University College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Deakin University Institute for Frontier Materials Chinese Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Product Processing |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Chinese Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Product Processing – name: Institute for Frontier Materials – name: Hainan University – name: College of Materials and Chemical Engineering – name: Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute – name: Deakin University – name: Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Canzhong surname: He fullname: He, Canzhong – sequence: 2 givenname: Xiaodong surname: She fullname: She, Xiaodong – sequence: 3 givenname: Zheng surname: Peng fullname: Peng, Zheng – sequence: 4 givenname: Jieping surname: Zhong fullname: Zhong, Jieping – sequence: 5 givenname: Shuangquan surname: Liao fullname: Liao, Shuangquan – sequence: 6 givenname: Wei surname: Gong fullname: Gong, Wei – sequence: 7 givenname: Jianhe surname: Liao fullname: Liao, Jianhe – sequence: 8 givenname: Lingxue surname: Kong fullname: Kong, Lingxue |
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Snippet | Epoxidized natural rubber-graphene (ENR-GE) composites with segregated GE networks were successfully fabricated using the latex mixing combined
in situ
reduced... |
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Title | Graphene networks and their influence on free-volume properties of graphene-epoxidized natural rubber composites with a segregated structure: rheological and positron annihilation studiesElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00465a |
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