Seroprevalence and co-infection of HBV, HCV, and HIV among patients visiting selected hospitals in Anyigba, Kogi State
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remain a public health challenge globally. This study determined the prevalence and coinfection of HBV, HCV, and HIV among patients visiting Maria Goretti Hospital, Grimard Catholic Hospital, and Good News Hospi...
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Published in | Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry p. 1 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
England
05.05.2024
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Abstract | Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remain a public health challenge globally. This study determined the prevalence and coinfection of HBV, HCV, and HIV among patients visiting Maria Goretti Hospital, Grimard Catholic Hospital, and Good News Hospital Anyigba, Kogi State. In a cross-sectional study, sera samples collected from 400 consenting patients were screened for HBV, HCV, and HIV using commercial immunodiagnostic test kits. Of the 400 subjects, 12 (3.0%), 4 (1.0%), and 16 (4.0%) were infected with HBV, HCV, and HIV, respectively. One participant was co-infected with HCV and HIV, while none was simultaneously infected with HBV and HIV. Participants aged 11-20 years had higher hepatitis B-surface antigenemia, while ages 21-30 years and 31-40 years had higher prevalence of HCV and HIV, respectively. Contrary to HBV and HCV positivity, HIV seropositivity was significantly predicted by the ages of exposure (
= 0.002). Males and females were equally infected with HBV (3.0% each), while more males than females were infected with HCV (1.5%) and HIV (4.6%). However, the difference between the occurrence of viral infections and patients' sex was not significant (
> 0.05). The single participants were more predisposed to HBV while the married subjects had more HCV and HIV mono-infection. However, neither the occurrence of HBV nor HCV or HIV was significantly predicted by the marital status of the individuals (
> 0.05). Subjects with no formal education had a higher positivity rate of HCV and HIV compared to other levels of education, while the tertiary level of education had higher exposure to HBsAg. Occupationally, students were more predisposed to HBV and HCV, while the unemployed participants were more predisposed to HIV. However, neither education nor the occupation of participants was significantly related to any of the viral infections (
> 0.05). Lack of knowledge of disease prevention significantly influenced the occurrence of HBV (
= 0.02), HCV (
= 0.04), and HIV (
= 0.04). Conclusively, the status of HBV, HCV, and HIV infection is low compared with findings of previous epidemiological studies in the area. However, the continuous circulation of the three viral infections and the high disease occurrence in the poorly informed participants suggest the need for increased public health education about infection control and prevention strategies in the area. |
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AbstractList | Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remain a public health challenge globally. This study determined the prevalence and coinfection of HBV, HCV, and HIV among patients visiting Maria Goretti Hospital, Grimard Catholic Hospital, and Good News Hospital Anyigba, Kogi State. In a cross-sectional study, sera samples collected from 400 consenting patients were screened for HBV, HCV, and HIV using commercial immunodiagnostic test kits. Of the 400 subjects, 12 (3.0%), 4 (1.0%), and 16 (4.0%) were infected with HBV, HCV, and HIV, respectively. One participant was co-infected with HCV and HIV, while none was simultaneously infected with HBV and HIV. Participants aged 11-20 years had higher hepatitis B-surface antigenemia, while ages 21-30 years and 31-40 years had higher prevalence of HCV and HIV, respectively. Contrary to HBV and HCV positivity, HIV seropositivity was significantly predicted by the ages of exposure (
= 0.002). Males and females were equally infected with HBV (3.0% each), while more males than females were infected with HCV (1.5%) and HIV (4.6%). However, the difference between the occurrence of viral infections and patients' sex was not significant (
> 0.05). The single participants were more predisposed to HBV while the married subjects had more HCV and HIV mono-infection. However, neither the occurrence of HBV nor HCV or HIV was significantly predicted by the marital status of the individuals (
> 0.05). Subjects with no formal education had a higher positivity rate of HCV and HIV compared to other levels of education, while the tertiary level of education had higher exposure to HBsAg. Occupationally, students were more predisposed to HBV and HCV, while the unemployed participants were more predisposed to HIV. However, neither education nor the occupation of participants was significantly related to any of the viral infections (
> 0.05). Lack of knowledge of disease prevention significantly influenced the occurrence of HBV (
= 0.02), HCV (
= 0.04), and HIV (
= 0.04). Conclusively, the status of HBV, HCV, and HIV infection is low compared with findings of previous epidemiological studies in the area. However, the continuous circulation of the three viral infections and the high disease occurrence in the poorly informed participants suggest the need for increased public health education about infection control and prevention strategies in the area. |
Author | Ezemba, Constance Chinyere Sani, John Umoru Ali, Victor Ojoajogwu Okoye, Sandra Chiamaka Omatola, Cornelius Arome Okolo, Martin-Luther Oseni |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Victor Ojoajogwu surname: Ali fullname: Ali, Victor Ojoajogwu organization: Department of Microbiology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi, Nigeria – sequence: 2 givenname: Martin-Luther Oseni surname: Okolo fullname: Okolo, Martin-Luther Oseni organization: Department of Microbiology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi, Nigeria – sequence: 3 givenname: Cornelius Arome surname: Omatola fullname: Omatola, Cornelius Arome organization: Department of Microbiology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi, Nigeria – sequence: 4 givenname: Sandra Chiamaka surname: Okoye fullname: Okoye, Sandra Chiamaka organization: Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, SC, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Constance Chinyere surname: Ezemba fullname: Ezemba, Constance Chinyere organization: Department of Microbiology, Chychy Gilgal Laboratory and consultancy services, Ichida, Anambra, Nigeria – sequence: 6 givenname: John Umoru surname: Sani fullname: Sani, John Umoru organization: Department of Microbiology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi, Nigeria |
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Snippet | Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remain a public health challenge globally. This study determined the... |
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Title | Seroprevalence and co-infection of HBV, HCV, and HIV among patients visiting selected hospitals in Anyigba, Kogi State |
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