Surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis in Belarus

• Published in: Žurnal mikrobiologii, ėpidemiologii i immunobiologii no. 2; p. 24
• Main Authors: Samoĭlovich, E O, Ermolovich, M A, Kotova, I F, Svirchevskaia, E Iu, Shimanovich, V P, Kozhemiakin, A K, Protas, I I, Fel'dman, E V
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: Russia (Federation) 01.03.2007
• Subjects: Acute Disease; Administration, Oral; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Case-Control Studies; Coxsackievirus Infections - diagnosis; Coxsackievirus Infections - prevention & control; Coxsackievirus Infections - virology; Enterovirus B, Human - classification; Enterovirus B, Human - isolation & purification; Genome, Viral; Guillain-Barre Syndrome - prevention & control; Humans; Incidence; Muscle Hypotonia - etiology; Muscle Hypotonia - prevention & control; Myelitis - prevention & control; Neuritis - prevention & control; Paralysis - etiology; Paralysis - prevention & control; Poliomyelitis - diagnosis; Poliomyelitis - immunology; Poliomyelitis - prevention & control; Poliovirus - genetics; Poliovirus - immunology; Poliovirus - isolation & purification; Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated - administration & dosage; Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral - administration & dosage; Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral - adverse effects; Republic of Belarus - epidemiology; Risk Factors; Sentinel Surveillance; Species Specificity; Vaccination - adverse effects; Republic of Belarus
• ISSN: 0372-9311

The ten-years experience of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance in Belarus has been summarized. Among 456 AFP cases reported from 1996 to 2005, 11 were classified as vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP), 445--as non-polio AFP. The risk of VAPP for the period 1996-2001 was 1 case per 745,000 used doses of oral poliovaccine (OPV). For the recipients of OPV the risk was 1 case per 911,700 doses and for the first-dose recipients--1 case per 96,000 doses. The high incidence of VAPP was a reason for implementation of sequential polio vaccination schedule in 2000. Guillain-Barre syndrome dominated among non-polio AFP (39.3% of cases); more rare were traumatic neuritis (27.9% of cases), transient monoparalysis (12.1%), myelitis (7.6%). Non-polio AFP differed from VAPP by following epidemiological and virological characteristics: predominance of previously repeatedly vaccinated against poliomyelitis; development of paralysis in long-term period after vaccination; isolation of non-polio viruses belonged to three serotypes of Coxsackie B viruses (B1, B4, B6) and six serotypes of Echo viruses (6, 7, 11, 14, 24, 25) in 8.1% of cases; absence of typical for polio residual paralyses in patients who excreted vaccine polioviruses.